This paper examines forest regeneration in the Tana River Primate National Reserve, using data on the size-class abundances and site conditions of major canopy tree species. Forests vary from those dominated by Pachystela msolo to mixed forests of greater species richness with Sorindeia madagascariensis and Diospyros mespiliformis or with Garcinia livingstonei and Mimusops obtusifolia. The low occurrence of saplings and narrow range of soil conditions supporting mature individuals project a relative decline for P. msolo in the study area. Size-class associations between six major canopy trees show a successional tendency toward greater species diversity but a decline in the regeneration of primate resources. Significant differences in the environmental conditions of Ficus sycomorus, P. msolo and S. madagascariensis document possible causal changes in the physical environment. The effects of riverine changes on the regeneration of primate habitat and its persistence potentially jeopardises long-term conservation in this-small reserve.

As part of a biological assessment of Toro Game Reserve, the status of Uganda kob Kobus kob thomasi Newmann, was studied. A survey of traditional mating grounds, foot transects and opportunistic sightings was used to determine population size and structure. The influences of habitat, predation and poaching intensity were also investigated. This study indicates that the population of kob in Toro Game Reserve is approximately 100 animals and, though small, has a viable structure for expansion. Data indicate a comparatively high proportion of females in the population, with a ratio of adult females:adult males:juveniles (< 1.5 years old) of 5:2:2. The preferred habitat is the major vegetation type within the Reserve and presents no limiting factor to population growth. Predator levels are low and the principal threat to the survival of Uganda kob is poaching.

This paper presents an up to date account of 154 mammal species recorded on Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, and the surrounding area, from 1883 to the present, when 128 species are known to occur. Old records are reviewed and several new records added, while four recorded species have been excluded. One species, the black rhinoceros, is reported to have become extinct; another, the klipspringer, does not now occur in the area. Evidence for its alleged former presence and extinction is assessed. Red deer, introduced to Kilimanjaro during the German colonial period, is now extinct on the mountain. Other reported extinctions and colonisations of mammal species on Kilimanjaro are discussed and 19 marginal species or taxa for which further information is needed are mentioned for completeness.

Natural hybrids can arise in the genus Aloe because their chief pollinators, sunbirds, are not species-specific when feeding on nectar. From literature and the observations of the writer and others, 16 cases of known or suspected natural interspecific hybrids in East Africa are recorded.