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1 October 2007 Chlorophyll Loss Caused by Soybean Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Feeding on Soybean
John Diaz-montano, John C. Reese, William T. Schapaugh, Leslie R. Campbell
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Abstract

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a worldwide pest of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. Studies to find control methods were initiated in 2000 when it was first detected in North America. A. glycines can reduce yields by as much as 50%, and it is the vector of several viral diseases. A. glycines removes phloem sap, which can result in a reduction of chlorophyll content. Quantification of chlorophyll loss caused by A. glycines feeding on soybean is of vital importance. The SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter is a device that has been used to measure chlorophyll loss caused by nonchewing insects. Chlorophyll loss was studied in no-choice tests on the infested and uninfested leaves of a susceptible check (KS4202). The minimum combined number of days and aphids needed to detect significant chlorophyll loss was 30 aphids confined for 10 d. In a similar experiment, seven resistant entries and two susceptible checks were evaluated. There was no significant chlorophyll reduction between infested and uninfested leaves of five of the resistant entries (K1621, K1639, Pioneer 95B97, Dowling, and Jackson). Percentage of loss of chlorophyll in the susceptible checks was ≈40%; Jackson and Dowling had a significantly lower percentage loss (13 and 16%, respectively) compared with the susceptible checks. The percentages of chlorophyll loss of K1621, K1639, and Pioneer 95B97 were not statistically different from the percentage of loss of Jackson.

RESUMEN El áfido de la soya, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), es una plaga de la soya, Glycine max (L.) Merr. En el año 2000 SE encontró A. glycines en Norte América, y desde entonces, SE iniciaron estudios para encontrar métodos de control. Aphis glycines reduce el rendimiento en un 50%, y transmite virus. Aphis glycines extrae el floema de las hojas lo cual puede tener efectos en la fisiología de la soya como la reducción de clorofila. Por lo tanto, la evaluación de las pérdidas de clorofila en soya causadas por A. glycines es de mucha importancia. El medidor SPAD-502 SE usa para cuantificar pérdidas de clorofila causadas por insectos no masticadores. Se estudiaron las pérdidas en hojas infestadas y no-infestadas del testigo susceptible KS4202. Se descubrió que el número mínimo de áfidos necesario para observar pérdidas significativas de clorofila es de 30 áfidos confinados por 10 días. En un experimento análogo, siete genotipos resistentes y dos susceptibles fueron evaluados. De los genotipos resistentes, cinco (K1621, K1639, Pioneer 95B97, Dowling y Jackson) no mostraron reducción en su contenido de clorofila en hojas infestadas y no-infestadas. El porcentaje de pérdida de los genotipos susceptibles fue del 40% aproximadamente; Jackson y Dowling tuvieron porcentajes de perdida (13 y 16%, respectivamente) significativamente más bajos que los testigos susceptibles. Sin embargo, los porcentajes de K1621, K1639 y Pioneer 95B97 no fueron estadísticamente diferentes al porcentaje de pérdida de Jackson.

John Diaz-montano, John C. Reese, William T. Schapaugh, and Leslie R. Campbell "Chlorophyll Loss Caused by Soybean Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Feeding on Soybean," Journal of Economic Entomology 100(5), 1657-1662, (1 October 2007). https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493(2007)100[1657:CLCBSA]2.0.CO;2
Received: 22 August 2006; Accepted: 29 May 2007; Published: 1 October 2007
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KEYWORDS
Aphis glycines
chlorophyll losses
Glycine max
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