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1 April 2015 Resistance to Conventional and New Insecticides in House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Poultry Facilities in Punjab, Pakistan
Naeem Abbas, Sarfraz Ali Shad, Muhammad Ismail
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Abstract

House flies, Musca domestica L., are pests of poultry facilities and have the ability to develop resistance against different insecticides. This study was conducted to assess the resistance status of house flies to pyrethroid, organophosphate, and novel chemistry insecticides from poultry facilities in Punjab, Pakistan. Five adult house fly populations were studied for their resistance status to selected conventional and novel chemistry insecticides. For four pyrethroids, the range of resistance ratios was 14–55-fold for Cypermethrin, 11–45-fold for bifenthrin, 0.84–4.06-fold for deltamethrin, and 4.42–24-fold for lambda-cyhalothrin when compared with a susceptible population. Very low levels of resistance were found to deltamethrin compared with the other pyrethroids. For the three organophosphate insecticides, the range of resistance ratios was 1.70–16-fold for profenofos, 7.50–60-fold for chlorpyrifos, and 4.37–53-fold for triazophos. Very low levels of resistance were found to profenofos compared with the other insecticides. For five novel chemistry insecticides, the range of resistance ratios was 1.20–16.00-fold for fipronil, 3.73–7.16-fold for spinosad, 3.06–23-fold for indoxacarb, 0.96–5.88-fold for abamectin, and 0.56–3.07-fold for emamectin benzoate. Rotation of insecticides with different modes of action showing no or very low resistance may prevent insecticide resistance in house flies. Regular insecticide resistance monitoring and integrated management plans on poultry farms are required to prevent resistance development, field control failures, and environmental pollution.

© The Authors 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com
Naeem Abbas, Sarfraz Ali Shad, and Muhammad Ismail "Resistance to Conventional and New Insecticides in House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Poultry Facilities in Punjab, Pakistan," Journal of Economic Entomology 108(2), 826-833, (1 April 2015). https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tou057
Received: 4 June 2014; Accepted: 1 December 2014; Published: 1 April 2015
JOURNAL ARTICLE
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KEYWORDS
Musca domestica
novel chemistry
organophosphate
pyrethroid
resistance
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