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2 August 2019 Postharvest Population Reservoirs of Coffee Berry Borer (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Hawai’i Island
Melissa A. Johnson, Samuel Fortna, Robert G. Hollingsworth, Nicholas C. Manoukis
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Abstract

Coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is the most damaging insect pest of coffee worldwide. Old coffee berries (raisins) are widely acknowledged as coffee berry borer reservoirs, yet few studies have attempted to quantify coffee berry borer populations in raisins remaining on farms postharvest. We collected ground and tree raisins at six coffee farms on Hawai’i Island to assess raisin density, infestation, coffee berry borer abundance, and adult mortality in three areas of each farm: trees, driplines (ground below the tree foliage), and center aisles (ground between tree rows). We also assessed infestation of the new season's crop by conducting whole-tree counts of infested green berries. Mean raisin density was significantly higher in the dripline compared to the center aisle and trees (131 vs 17 raisins per m2 and 12 raisins per tree, respectively). Raisin infestation was significantly higher in samples from trees (70%) relative to those from the dripline (22%) and center aisle (18%). Tree raisins had significantly higher coffee berry borer abundance compared to both areas of the ground (20 vs 3–5 coffee berry borer per raisin). Adult mortality was significantly higher on the ground (63–71%) compared to the trees (12%). We also observed a significant positive correlation between ground raisin density and infestation of the new season's crop. Across all farms, we estimated that 49.5% of the total coffee berry borer load was present in dripline raisins, 47.3% in tree raisins, and 3.2% in center aisle raisins. Our findings confirm the importance of whole-farm sanitation in coffee berry borer management by demonstrating the negative impact that poor postharvest control can have on the following season's crop.

Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America 2019. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.
Melissa A. Johnson, Samuel Fortna, Robert G. Hollingsworth, and Nicholas C. Manoukis "Postharvest Population Reservoirs of Coffee Berry Borer (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Hawai’i Island," Journal of Economic Entomology 112(6), 2833-2841, (2 August 2019). https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz219
Received: 23 May 2019; Accepted: 8 July 2019; Published: 2 August 2019
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KEYWORDS
Coffea arabica
cultural control
farm sanitation
Hawaii
integrated pest management
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