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13 June 2020 Detection of Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in Ethiopia: A New Haplotype and its Implication to the Proliferation of Huanglongbing
Inusa J. Ajene, Fathiya Khamis, Shifa Ballo, Gerhard Pietersen, Barbara van Asch, Nurhussen Seid, Ferdu Azerefegne, Sunday Ekesi, Samira Mohamed
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Abstract

Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, also known as the Asian citrus psyllid, is a pest of citrus known for its transmission of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Ca. L. asiaticus), the causal bacterium of Huanglongbing.The African citrus triozid Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) has been the putative vector of Candidatus Liberibacter africanus (Ca. L. africanus) which causes the African citrus greening disease, until the recent detection of D. citri on the continent. Following reports of D. citri in Kenya and Tanzania, we surveyed citrus plants to establish the presence/absence of D. citri in Ethiopia in citrus-growing regions ranging from 900 to 2,460 m above sea level (masl). Diaphorina citri adults were detected in five of the surveyed sites in Ethiopia. Adult insects encountered were collected using an aspirator and stored in 97% ethanol.The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (mt COI) gene of the collected insects was amplified using LepF1/LepR1 primers, and sequences obtained showed low variation, which fell within the acceptable range of species. BLAST was used to query the sequences obtained, and all the sequences linked to D. citri accessions that are available in GenBank.The analysis of the sequences revealed a new haplotype of the species that differs from haplotypes previously reported. Phylogenetic relationships of our samples and other D. citri reference sequences was inferred using the Maximum-likelihood method. Monophyly was observed between the samples and the publicly available sequences from global accessions.This is the first report of the presence of D. citri in Ethiopia.

© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Inusa J. Ajene, Fathiya Khamis, Shifa Ballo, Gerhard Pietersen, Barbara van Asch, Nurhussen Seid, Ferdu Azerefegne, Sunday Ekesi, and Samira Mohamed "Detection of Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in Ethiopia: A New Haplotype and its Implication to the Proliferation of Huanglongbing," Journal of Economic Entomology 113(4), 1640-1647, (13 June 2020). https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa113
Received: 10 January 2020; Accepted: 5 May 2020; Published: 13 June 2020
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KEYWORDS
African citrus triozid
Asian citrus psyllid
Diaphorina citri
Huanglongbing
Trioza erytreae
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