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5 January 2021 Tolerance in Maize Landraces to Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larvae and Its Relationship to Plant Pigments, Compatible Osmolytes, and Vigor
Eduardo Neves Costa, Bruno Henrique Sardinha De Souza, Zulene Antônio Ribeiro, Durvalina Maria Mathias Dos Santos, Arlindo Leal Boiça Júnior
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Abstract

The rootworm Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) is native to South America and causes severe economic losses to several crops due to root feeding and disease spread. In maize (Zea mays L.), losses in production come from larval rootworm attack on plant roots resulting in plant health problems, including stalk lodging. More options for controlling this pest are needed to create well balanced, integrated pest management programs for farmers in this region. Natural sources of tolerance in maize genotypes are important for maize breeding programs, and this study investigated the expression of tolerance in several Brazilian maize landraces to D. speciosa. Plant vigor and compounds associated with plant health, including chlorophylls, carotenoids, glycine betaine, and proline were assessed for each landrace. Five landraces and one maize cultivar were selected based on their levels of antibiosis-resistance to D. speciosa that were determined in a prior screening. The percent reduction in plant growth was used as the measure of tolerance. The landrace Azteca was classified as tolerant to D. speciosa larval feeding, displaying less reduction in plant matter despite having lower plant vigor. This landrace also had higher amounts of chlorophyl and carotenoid pigments, suggesting a positive correlation between tolerance to D. speciosa and higher contents of these photosynthetic pigments. The compatible osmolytes glycine betaine and proline do not seem to be associated with tolerance in maize landraces to D. speciosa larvae. Landrace Azteca seems promising for plant breeding, and repeated field studies are needed to confirm its suitability in maize integrated pest management.

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Eduardo Neves Costa, Bruno Henrique Sardinha De Souza, Zulene Antônio Ribeiro, Durvalina Maria Mathias Dos Santos, and Arlindo Leal Boiça Júnior "Tolerance in Maize Landraces to Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larvae and Its Relationship to Plant Pigments, Compatible Osmolytes, and Vigor," Journal of Economic Entomology 114(1), 377-386, (5 January 2021). https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa292
Received: 30 August 2020; Accepted: 20 November 2020; Published: 5 January 2021
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KEYWORDS
carotenoids
chlorophyl
glycine betaine
native resistance
Zea mays L
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