Laboratory evaluations were conducted in southeastern Queensland, Australia, to determine the toxicities of two organophosphate compounds (temephos and pirimiphos-methyl), an insect growth regulator (s-methoprene), and an entomopathogenic bacterium (Bacillus thuringiensis variety israelensis de Barjac [B.t.i.]) to Culex annulirostris (Skuse), an Australian freshwater mosquito vector of arboviruses, and to Caradina indistincta Calman, a co-habiting nontarget shrimp species. S-methoprene and B.t.i. were safest for Cx. annulirostris control with lethal dose ratios (LC95 nontarget/LC95 target) of 3,300 and 846,000, respectively. In contrast, lethal dose ratios for temephos and pirimiphos-methyl were 0.05 and 0.00005, respectively, suggesting that they are environmentally unsuitable. Based on their high lethal dose ratios, s-methoprene and B.t.i. are recommended for control of larval Cx. annulirostris in Australian freshwater habitats.
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1 June 2000
Toxicity of Insecticides for Control of Freshwater Culex annulirostris (Diptera: Culicidae) to the Nontarget Shrimp, Caradina indistincta (Decapoda: Atyidae)
Michael D. Brown,
Tonya M. Watson,
Susannah Green,
Jack G. Greenwood,
David Purdie,
Brian H. Kay
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Journal of Economic Entomology
Vol. 93 • No. 3
June 2000
Vol. 93 • No. 3
June 2000
Bacillus thuringiensis
Caradina indistincta
Culex annulirostris
insect growth regulator
insecticides
nontarget shrimp