In a rocky outcrop in the municipality of Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, two species of Tropidurus (Tropidurus hispidus and Tropidurus montanus) are found syntopically. We studied their ecology and resource use by assessing their food habits, thermal biology, microhabitat use, and time of activity. Lizards of both species were active throughout the day and were recorded predominantly on rocky surfaces. Lizards of both species ate mainly arthropods but also consumed some plant material. Tropidurus hispidus ate a greater proportion of plant material (mainly flowers) than T. montanus, whose diet was dominated by ants. We conclude that both T. montanus and T. hispidus have considerable overlap in resource use.