We describe distinctive characteristics of the magnum-trapezoid and other carpals found associated with an antler of the extinct genus Bretzia from southwestern Idaho from late Pliocene (Blancan V) Glenns Ferry Formation deposits (2.4 × 106 years ago) of the Birch Creek drainage. This antler and elements of the foreleg represent a midpoint in the known evolutionary history of the genus. The oldest known antlers from a species of Bretzia are from the Pliocene Ringold sediments (4.2 × 106 years ago) of Washington; and the most recent antlers are from South Dakota and Nebraska sediments of Rancholabrean–Holocene times (10,000–15,000 years ago). Carpal elements of the foreleg of Bretzia have a unique feature of the magnum-trapezoid not found in other extant New World cervids studied.
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1 February 2005
POSTCRANIAL CARPALIAL SUPPORT FOR THE EXTINCT CERVID GENUS BRETZIA WITH ASSOCIATED ANTLER
G. Victor Morejohn,
Jonena Hearst,
Charles Dailey
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antler
Bretzia
carpal
Cervidae
magnum-trapezoid