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22 April 2021 Effect of Zolpidem Tartrate on the Developmental Rate of Forensically Important Flies Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and Chrysomya saffranea
Laila A. Al-Shuraym, Fahd A. Al-Mekhlafi, Fahd Mohammed Abd Al Galil, Sadeq K. Alhag, Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis, Rania Ali El Hadi Mohamed, Muhammad A. Wadaan, Mohammed S. Al-Khalifa
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Abstract

Entomotoxicology is an emerging science in the forensic investigation of death; it now influences judicial activities. Briefly, carrion flies ingest various chemicals as they feed on a cadaver. In entomotoxicology, such toxicological compounds are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in insects recovered from carrion. Some of these chemicals can disrupt flies' cellular physiology, leading to acceleration or delay in their developmental rate. In this study, the effect of zolpidem-contaminated tissue on the dipteran flies Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius 1794) and Chrysomya saffranea (Bigot 1877) was assessed. Zolpidem tartrate is a sedative-hypnotic compound commonly used to treat anxiety and sleeping disorders, but it is associated with death from suicide. The effects were tested by providing the flies with liver tissue treated with various concentrations of zolpidem tartrate. The morphological parameters and development rate for all life cycle stages of treated insects were determined and used to estimate postmortem intervals. Results showed that the morphological parameters, i.e., weight, width, and length and rate of development of C. megacephala and C. saffranea was negatively associated with zolpidem tartrate concentration of C. saffranea, were negatively associated with the concentration of zolpidem tartrate, indicating that arthropod evidence evaluation can help establish the cause and time of death.

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Laila A. Al-Shuraym, Fahd A. Al-Mekhlafi, Fahd Mohammed Abd Al Galil, Sadeq K. Alhag, Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis, Rania Ali El Hadi Mohamed, Muhammad A. Wadaan, and Mohammed S. Al-Khalifa "Effect of Zolpidem Tartrate on the Developmental Rate of Forensically Important Flies Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and Chrysomya saffranea," Journal of Medical Entomology 58(6), 2101-2106, (22 April 2021). https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjab071
Received: 7 March 2021; Accepted: 24 March 2021; Published: 22 April 2021
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KEYWORDS
calliphoridae
carrion fly
entomotoxicology
zolpidem tartrate
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