The Proximal Development in Cymatograptus (Graptoloidea) from Argentina and Its Relevance for the Early Evolution of the Dichograptacea

Blanca A. Toro; Jörg Maletz

doi:10.1666/07-046.1

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1 September 2008 The Proximal Development in Cymatograptus (Graptoloidea) from Argentina and Its Relevance for the Early Evolution of the Dichograptacea

Blanca A. Toro, Jörg Maletz

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J. of Paleontology, 82(5):974-983 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1666/07-046.1

Abstract

Cymatograptus bidextro sp. nov. from the Floian “Baltograptus deflexus” Biozone of northwest Argentina represents the oldest expansograptid with an artus type proximal development and a prosicular origin of the first theca. The species bears a variably dextral or sinistral proximal development, previously known exclusively from Tremadocian members of the Anisograptidae, but not from the Dichograptidae. The proximal development types of the Dichograptacea are shown to consist of several independently changing characters and cannot be used as phylogenetically useful descriptors. Proximal developments are more variable than expected and several independent origins of an artus type proximal development can be recognized in the Lower to Middle Ordovician.

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Blanca A. Toro and Jörg Maletz "The Proximal Development in Cymatograptus (Graptoloidea) from Argentina and Its Relevance for the Early Evolution of the Dichograptacea," Journal of Paleontology 82(5), 974-983, (1 September 2008). https://doi.org/10.1666/07-046.1

Accepted: 1 February 2008; Published: 1 September 2008

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