We demonstrate here that dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposome has an antitrypanosomal effect, especially against the bloodstream forms (BSFs) of African trypanosomes (Trypanosoma congolense, T. brucei rhodesiense, and T. brucei brucei). The DPPC liposome significantly decreased the in vitro percentage of viable and motile BSF African trypanosomes but only marginally reduced the percentage of viable and motile procyclic form (PCF) of trypanosomes. The DPPC liposome absorption was much more pronounced to BSF than to PCF trypanosomes. Administration of the DPPC liposome showed a slight but significant reduction in the early development of parasitemia in T. congolense–infected mice. These results suggest that parasites were killed by specific binding of the DPPC liposome to the trypanosomes. This work demonstrates for the first time that a liposome has antitrypanosomal activity.