Compost provides benefits such as pathogen inactivation, weed suppression, slow release of nutrients, soil improvement, water conservation, and is an advantageous tool in moving towards more sustainable agricultural systems. Lots of greenhouse gases (GHGs) especially CH4 are emitted from the heap during composting process, which play an important role in global warming. The purposes of this study were to quantify and characterize the GHGs emissions, so as to compare and optimize the operation conditions, then to minimize GHGs emissions. We examined GHGs emissions from composting in forced aeration systems and turning systems with or without the addition of calcium superphosphate (CS), using the static chamber method. The compost degraded 51%–55% of initial total carbon (TC) in turning piles, while about 44% in forced aeration piles after 76 days composting. CH4 emissions from turning piles with and without CS were respectively 15.35 and 15.27 g Mg-1 dry material (DM), higher than forced aeration piles (7.76 g Mg-1 DM, with CS, and 3.22 g Mg-1 DM, without CS). N2O emissions were less than 0.1% of initial total nitrogen (TN) in the forced aeration piles, and -0.1% of initial TN in the turning piles. Energy consumption used for treating manure equaled to 3.27, 3.4, 12.29 and 11.89 kg CO2-C equivalent Mg-1 DM, for turning with CS, turning without CS, forced aeration with CS, forced aeration without CS, respectively. The addition of CS had little effect on GHGs emissions, due to high porosity and adequate aeration caused by large dose of straw as bulking agent. Although forced aeration composting is an intensive technology widely used in large-scale processing of manure wastes for land saving and easy operation, turning aeration may be more appropriate in rural areas of China, considering the less construction cost and greenhouse gas emissions, and its high efficiency in degrading organic carbon.
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1 June 2010
A Holistic Evaluation of CO2 Equivalent Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Compost Reactors with Aeration and Calcium Superphosphate Addition
Liu Jinshan,
Xie Zubin,
Liu Gang,
Zhang Jiabao,
Bei Qicheng,
Huang Ping,
Sun Huifeng,
Xu Yanping,
Zhu Jianguo,
Tang Haoyan
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Journal of Resources and Ecology
Vol. 1 • No. 2
June 2010
Vol. 1 • No. 2
June 2010
Composting
methane
phosphorus
turning