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1 December 2012 Probability of Symbiosis Establishment by Giant Clams with Fresh and Cultured Symbiodinium Isolated from Various Host Animals
Takeo Kurihara, Hiroshi Yamashita, Hideaki Yamada, Ken Inoue, Kenji Iwai, Kazuhiko Koike
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Abstract

Giant clams need to establish a symbiotic relationship with the microalgae Symbiodinium in the environment to survive the juvenile stage. In seed production of giant clams, larvae are presented with Symbiodinium but the probability of symbiosis establishment (symbiosis rate) is low. To determine the characteristics of Symbiodinium that improve the symbiosis rate of giant clams (Tridacna crocea and Tridacna maxima), we conducted experiments simulating a typical Japanese seed production method that rears giant clams in unsterilized seawater with no food or antibiotics. After validating this experimental method, we obtained the following results. First, the symbiosis rate was greater than O for Symbiodinium isolated from giant clams, corals, anemones, and even coastal seawater. It was slightly higher, albeit not significantly, for the giant clam origin Symbiodinium. Second, the symbiosis rate was sometimes better for cultured Symbiodinium than fresh Symbiodinium. In conclusion, Symbiodinium cultured after being isolated from giant clams can promote a symbiotic establishment of giant clam juveniles that are reared in unsterilized seawater with no food or antibiotics.

Takeo Kurihara, Hiroshi Yamashita, Hideaki Yamada, Ken Inoue, Kenji Iwai, and Kazuhiko Koike "Probability of Symbiosis Establishment by Giant Clams with Fresh and Cultured Symbiodinium Isolated from Various Host Animals," Journal of Shellfish Research 31(4), 977-987, (1 December 2012). https://doi.org/10.2983/035.031.0410
Published: 1 December 2012
KEYWORDS
Culture condition
Japanese seed production
strains
Symbiodinium
symbiotic relationship
tridacnids
zooxanthella
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