The repellent effect of 3 essential-oil-based candles was evaluated in a high biting pressure environment in Israel. In human landing assays, the repellency rate of 5% citronella candles against mosquitoes was 29.0%, of 5% linalool candles was 71.1%, and of 5% geraniol candles was 85.4%. The candles with geraniol were about twice as effective as those with linalool and were about 5 times as effective as citronella candles in protecting a person from being bitten indoors by mosquitoes. The repellency rate of 5% citronella candles towards sand flies was 24.7%, of 5% linalool candles was 55.2%, and of 5% geraniol candles was 79.7%. A geraniol candle was almost 5 times as effective as a citronella candle and about twice as effective as a linalool candle in protecting a person from being bitten indoors by sand flies.
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1 March 2008
Indoor Protection Against Mosquito and Sand Fly Bites: A Comparison Between Citronella, Linalool, and Geraniol Candles
Günter C. Müller,
Amy Junnila,
Vasiliy D. Kravchenko,
Edita E. Revay,
Jerry Butler,
Yosef Schlein
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Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association
Vol. 24 • No. 1
March 2008
Vol. 24 • No. 1
March 2008
botanical repellents
candles
essential oil
mosquitoes
sand flies