The genus Nulapona DeLong and Freytag, new status, was first described as a subgenus of Hecalapona DeLong and Freytag. Characters are given to separate this genus from the genus Hecalapona. Eight previously described species are included in the genus, including N. crinata (DeLong and Freytag) new status, N. decora (DeLong and Freytag) new combination, N. incisura (DeLong) new status, N. inflamma (DeLong and Freytag) new status, N. lutea (DeLong and Freytag) new combination, N. quina (DeLong and Freytag) new status, N. sinata (DeLong) new status and N. spinara (DeLong and Triplehorn) new status. Also twenty two new species are added to the genus, including N. calliota, N. clavata, N. dista, N. guberna, N. kalota, N. liota, N. ornata, N. panicula, N. spinata and N. supera from Colombia, N. acrita and N. petiolata from Colombia and Ecuador, N. compta, N. heterosa, N. lobata and N. tega from Ecuador, N. bidens, N. jucunda and N. radiata from French Guiana, N. oncota from French Guiana and Brazil, N. egeri from Brazil, and N. acuta from Peru.

Sweep net sampling of spring and winter wheat (Triticum spp.) was conducted in 2007 and 2008 at the Fort Ellis Research and Extension Center, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT to determine hymenoptera parasitoid family composition, abundance, and diversity in two wheat-fallow cropping systems managed by either tillage, herbicides, or domestic sheep (Ovis aries) grazing. Eleven hymenopteran families classified as parasitoids were captured in 2007 and 16 families in 2008. The mean abundance of parasitoids was greatest (P ≤ 0.05) in crops where the fallow component of the rotation was managed with sheep grazing, as opposed to tillage and herbicide systems. Family diversity, as indexed by Simpson's D, did not differ between fallow management treatments (P  =  0.88) or cropping system (P  =  0.74) but did differ between study year (P ≤ 0.01).

Four new species of Camponotus are described in Turkey: C. (Myrmentoma) aktaci C. Karaman new species, C. (Myrmentoma) anatolicus new species, C. (Myrmentoma) hirtus new species, and C. (Myrmentoma) honaziensis new species. In addition, two species, C. (Myrmentoma) abrahami Forel, 1913 and C. (Tanaemyrmex) oasium Forel, 1890 are reported for the first time from Turkey. We reexamined the C. fedtschenkoi material collected in Eastern Anatolia and identified the material as similar to C. buddhae. Therefore, C. fedtschenkoi is a dubious record for Turkish ant fauna. An identification key for all known Turkish species of Camponotus is presented.

A taxonomic study of the genus Coenonica Kraatz in Korea is presented. Four species are recognized, two of which, C. sharpi (Fauvel) and C. zhejiangensis Pace, are newly added to the Korean fauna. The other two species, C. absurda Pace and C. lewisa (Sharp), are reported from South Korea for the first time. A key to Korean species of Coenonica, redescriptions of those species, habitus photographs, and illustrations of diagnostic characters are provided to facilitate identification.

Facultative social parasitism has been recorded in several taxa of social insects. Most recently, this phenomenon has been recorded in colonies of the neotropical social wasp Mischocyttarus cerberus (parasitized by Mischocyttarus consimilis). This is the first case of interspecific parasitism described for the genus Mischocyttarus. How social parasites are able to remain in the host colony has been one of the central subjects of studies on this theme. Chemical signals are used by social insects to recognize their nestmates, which suggests that female parasites use a chemical strategy to hide their identity and become accepted as a member in host colonies. This study investigated the dynamics of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHs) of workers of M. consimilis and M. cerberus in both control and host colonies. Fourier Transform Infrared-Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (FTIR-PAS) was used to read the CHs; this technique is somewhat unusual but is quite reliable for this type of study. A stepwise canonical discrimination analysis detected significant differences between the mid-infrared spectra of the two species. This analysis provided a dispersion diagram of the results in order to differentiate the species, in which the first axis explained 61% of the results. These results demonstrated a clear difference in the CHs profile between non-conspecific workers from the control colonies. However, non-conspecific workers from the host colonies underwent a significant modification of CHs in comparison to the workers from the control colonies, and this modification was similar in all the host colonies non-conspecific workers. These data suggest that females of parasitic-specie modify the chemical profile of the host-specie females, and also alter their own profiles in order to be recognized as “nestmates” and to achieve success in parasitism.

Novalyda cretacica , new genus and new species (“Symphyta”: Pamphilioidea: Xyelydidae), is described based on a unique male from the Early Cretaceous, Yixian Formation of northeastern China. The new species differs from others in the family by its relatively thick antenna, narrow costal cell, short first abscissa of Rs, sclerotization of the pterostigma. The species is the youngest occurrence of the family and extends the lineage into the Cretaceous period.

Two Panorpa Linnaeus (Panorpidae) are described and figured from Mexico as Panorpa pennyi, new species, from Hidalgo, and P. ultima, new species, from Michoacan and Mexico (state).