Eight new species of the genus Diplectrona occurring in China are described and diagnosed. Photos of cephalic setal warts, anterodorsal filament of sternum V, internal sacs within segment V and within VII and VIII are presented and the male genitalia are illustrated. Based on cephalic setal warts and male genitalia, two new species groups are established. The Diplectrona jiaolinga diagnostic species group is diagnosed to include D. jiaolinga n. sp., D. quadrivalvis n. sp., and D. delta n. sp. The Diplectrona coalescens diagnostic species group is diagnosed to include D. coalescens n. sp. and D. guangxiensis n. sp. Three new species, D. wangyipingi n. sp., D. tetraphylla n. sp. and D. tuberculiformis n. sp. cannot be presently placed in any species group (incertae sedis).