Plum cultivation in Brazil is of great economic importance, especially in the state of Rio Grande do Sul; however, orchards of this fruit have suffered great losses in productivity due to the Plum Leaf Scald disease caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al., 1987, transmitted by sharpshooter vectors (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae). The aim of this study was to understand the population fluctuation and faunistic analysis of Cicadellinae. Sampling was conducted in two areas of Prunus salicina Lindl., New Orchard and Old Orchard, from May 2011 to May 2013. Sharpshooters were collected using 40 yellow sticky traps in 20 collecting points. At each point, two traps were installed (high and low). Twenty-one species were identified, including eight potencial vector species (*): Cicadellini - Bucephalogonia xanthophis*, Caragonalia carminata, Diedrocephala bimaculata, Dilobopterus dispar, Erythrogonia dorsalis, Erythrogonia separata, Hortensia similis*, Macugonalia cavifrons*, Macugonalia geographica, Pawiloma victima, Sibovia sagata* and Sonesimia grossa*; Proconiini - Aulacizes obsoleta, Homalodisca ignorata*, Molomea confluens, Molomea consolida*, Molomea lineiceps, Molomea personata, Oncometopia facialis*, Oncometopia fusca and Tapajosa rubromarginata. Cicadellini was mainly captured in low traps (222 captures) and Proconiini in high traps (59 captures). Seven taxa were classified as dominant and frequent: B. xanthophis, D. dispar, E. dorsalis, M. cavifrons, S. sagata, O. facialis and O. fusca. The population fluctuation peak for 2011 was May (62 specimens); for 2012, June (42); and for 2013, April (13). The population of sharpshooters in the orchard is directly influenced by abiotic and biotic factors, decreasing drastically during hotter and drier months, during extreme meteorological fluctuation and on periods of increased human activity. The difference in trap height is important since each tribe displays different feeding behaviors in relation to the strata, thereby providing a broad sampling of species to better understand the role of vectors in transmitting the bacteria.