Unlike previous reports to the contrary, raccoons (Procyon lotor) were successfully vaccinated against rabies with a liquid SAD-B₁₉ attenuated virus vaccine administered per os and given in vaccine-laden baits. There was neither evidence of vaccine-induced rabies in raccoons nor in a limited safety trial with opossums (Didelphis virginiana) given SAD-B₁₉. Protection from lethal street rabies virus infection was not absolute: only three of nine raccoons given 1 × 10⁶⁰ TCID/ml were protected versus five of 10 raccoons given 1 × 10⁷⁰ TCID/ml of SAD-B₁₉ and challenged 4 mo after consumption of vaccine-laden baits. Six of eight raccoons consuming 1 × 10⁸⁸ TCID/ml of SAD-B₁₉ vaccine in baits survived street rabies virus challenge 2 mo postvaccination. Raccoon survivorship was not wholly dependent upon rabies virus-neutralizing antibody titer on the day of challenge. Vaccinated raccoons demonstrated a prominent anamnestic response within 1 wk following challenge. Surviving raccoons were observed for a minimum of 3 mo following street rabies virus challenge with neither clinical nor pathologic evidence of rabies. The SAD-B₁₉ rabies vaccine administered within baits in captivity appears less effective for raccoons than for its demonstrated efficacy in the immunization of free-ranging foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Europe.