A revision of the members of Cuspidaria present on the continental slope (700–2,000 m) of the Campos Basin (22°S) off southeastern Brazil was carried out. Eight taxa are recognized. Two of them were previously unknown to science and are described here: Cuspidaria tamandua, n. sp., and Cuspidaria wapixana, n. sp. Three species are recorded from Brazilian waters for the first time: Cuspidaria papyria Jeffreys, 1876, a poorly described species that is here redescribed; Cuspidaria wollastonii Smith, 1885; and Cuspidaria cf. barnardi Knudsen, 1970. The geographic distribution is enlarged northwards for Cuspidaria platensis (Smith, 1885) and southwards for Cuspidaria monosteira Dall, 1890. Cuspidaria circinata (Jeffreys, 1876) was previously reported for Brazil, but the present record fills a gap in its distribution in the southwest Atlantic. Bathyneaera globulosa Krylova, 1993, is here considered a junior synonym of C. monosteira; Cuspidaria consociata (Smith, 1885) and Cuspidaria munieri Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1897, are both considered junior synonyms of C. circinata. A list of all Cuspidaria species recorded for the Atlantic Ocean is given.