Dryopteris damingshanensis Li Bing Zhang & H. M. Liu, a new species of the fern genus Dryopteris Adans. (Dryopteridaceae) from central Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated. Dryopteris damingshanensis is one of the seven species known in Dryopteris subg. Nothoperanema Tagawa sect. Nothoperanema (Tagawa) Li Bing Zhang, and a taxonomic key to these species is provided. The new species is most similar to D. shikokiana (Makino) C. Chr. but is distinct by the following characters: leaves bipinnate-pinnatisect, leaf texture papery, petiole scales dark brown, and basiscopic pinnules as large as acroscopic pinnules. Dryopteris damingshanensis is currently known only from a single population occurring at Daming Shan in central Guangxi, China, and is considered to be Critically Endangered (CR), based on IUCN Red List criteria.