The diversity of seven families of brachyurans occurring on Easter Island is reviewed based on historical and more recently collected specimens. Lewindromia unidentata (Rüppell, 1830) (Dromiidae) is confirmed to occur, and Dynomene hispida (Latreille, in Milbert, 1812) (Dynomenidae) and Actaeomorpha erosa Miers, 1877 (Aethridae) are recorded for the first time from the island. The sole homolid species known from Easter Island, previously identified only to family, is provisionally identified as Latreillopsis cf. okala Castro & Naruse, 2014. A new species of Daldorfia Rathbun, 1904 (Parthenopidae), previously confused with D. horrida (Linnaeus, 1758), is described. The taxonomic issues with Schizophroida Sakai, 1933 (Majidae) are reviewed: S. simodaensis Sakai, 1933, from Japan is synonymized with S. manazuruana Sakai, 1933, also from Japan, and a new species is described from Easter Island; an earlier record of Ageitomaia baeckstroemi (Balss, 1924) from Salas y Gómez is shown to be a misidentification of this new species. The presence of a Huenia, possibly H. aff. pacifica (Miers, 1879) (Epialtidae), on the island is also confirmed.