Introduction
The bivalve genus Pholadomya G.B. Sowerby I, 1823 in 1821–1825 (type species: Pholadomya candida G.B. Sowerby I, 1823 in 1821–1825, by subsequent designation of Gray, 1847: p. 194) is known as the “living fossil” (e.g. Runnegar, 1972; Morton, 1980; Díaz and Torres, 2009); its oldest fossil records can be traced back to the Late Triassic (e.g. Cox and Newell, 1969; Nevesskaja et al., 2013). In Japan, this genus is recorded from the Late Jurassic onwards (Tamura, 1960), and more than a dozen fossil and the Recent species have been described or reported (e.g. Dall, 1907; Nagao, 1943; Omori, 1952; Habe, 1958; Hayami, 1975; Matsuda, 1985; Matsukuma, 1989; Ueda, 1995; Okutani, 2017). However these species are known to include several members in the family Parilimyidae Morton, 1981 (e.g. Coan, 2000; Kurihara, 2010; Huber, 2015), and further taxonomical and nomenclatural studies are required to fix the true constituents. I herein propose a new replacement name, Pholadomya (Pholadomya) miyanoharaensis nom. nov., for the preoccupied Late Cretaceous species from Japan.
Proposal of a new replacement name
Pholadomya (Pholadomya) miyanoharaensis nom. nov.
Pholadomya japonica Amano, 1956, p. 80–81, pl. 2, figs. 1–5. [non Yokoyama, 1920]
Pholadomya (Pholadomya) japonica Amano. Hayami, 1975, p. 148; Matsuda, 1985, p. 10–11, pl. 3, figs. 4–6; Tashiro and Takatsuka, 1991, p. 8–9, pl. 1, fig. 31; Tashiro, 1992, p. 265, pl. 76, fig. 8; Hirose and Ugai, 2012, figs. 4-20, 4-21.
Discussion.—Pholadomya japonica Amano, 1956, was originally described from the Upper Cretaceous Miyanohara Formation in the Sakawa area, Shikoku, southwestern Japan. It has long been regarded as a valid species in the subgenus Pholadomya s.s. However, I noticed that this species name is a primary junior homonym of Pholadomya japonica Yokoyama, 1920 (Yokoyama, 1920: p. 106–107, pl. 6, figs. 30, 31), from the Middle Pleistocene Naganuma Formation in the southern Yokohama area, central Honshu, Japan. Since it has no valid junior synonym, I herein propose Pholadomya (Pholadomya) miyanoharaensis nom. nov. for the preoccupied Pholadomya japonica Amano, 1956. The new replacement name is after its type locality, Miyanohara in the Sakawa area.
It may be noted that Pholadomya japonica Yokoyama, 1920, is the type species of the subgenus Barnea (Umitakea) Habe, 1952, in the family Pholadidae Lamarck, 1809 (by original designation).
Acknowledgments
I am grateful to T. Ubukata (Kyoto University; associate editor of PR) and an anonymous reviewer for their critically reading the manuscript and providing valuable comments.
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