1 December 2002 Constraints of Opsin Structure on the Ligand-binding Site: Studies with Ring-fused Retinals
Takahiro Hirano, In Taek Lim, Don Moon Kim, Xiang-Guo Zheng, Kazuo Yoshihara, Yoshiaki Oyama, Hiroo Imai, Yoshinori Shichida, Masaji Ishiguro
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Abstract

Ring-fused retinal analogs were designed to examine the hula-twist mode of the photoisomerization of the 9-cis retinylidene chromophore. Two 9-cis retinal analogs, the C11–C13 five-membered ring–fused and the C12–C14 five-membered ring–fused retinal derivatives, formed the pigments with opsin. The C11–C13 ring-fused analog was isomerized to a relaxed all-trans chromophore (λmax > 400 nm) at even −269°C and the Schiff base was kept protonated at 0°C. The C12–C14 ring-fused analog was converted photochemically to a bathorhodopsin-like chromophore (λmax = 583 nm) at −196°C, which was further converted to the deprotonated Schiff base at 0°C. The model-building study suggested that the analogs do not form pigments in the retinal-binding site of rhodopsin but form pigments with opsin structures, which have larger binding space generated by the movement of transmembrane helices. The molecular dynamics simulation of the isomerization of the analog chromophores provided a twisted C11–C12 double bond for the C12–C14 ring-fused analog and all relaxed double bonds with a highly twisted C10–C11 bond for the C11–C13 ring-fused analog. The structural model of the C11–C13 ring-fused analog chromophore showed a characteristic flip of the cyclohexenyl moiety toward transmembrane segments 3 and 4. The structural models suggested that hula twist is a primary process for the photoisomerization of the analog chromophores.

Takahiro Hirano, In Taek Lim, Don Moon Kim, Xiang-Guo Zheng, Kazuo Yoshihara, Yoshiaki Oyama, Hiroo Imai, Yoshinori Shichida, and Masaji Ishiguro "Constraints of Opsin Structure on the Ligand-binding Site: Studies with Ring-fused Retinals," Photochemistry and Photobiology 76(6), 606-615, (1 December 2002). https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2002)076<0606:COOSOT>2.0.CO;2
Received: 12 June 2002; Accepted: 1 September 2002; Published: 1 December 2002
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