Garudella, a remarkable new genus of eucoiline wasp is described from Thailand, Laos, and the Republic of Congo. Four new species of Garudella are described as well: G. acothonaspis, G. afrotropica, G. algo, and G. alicae. Several autapomorphies distinguish this genus from other eucoiline genera: a distinctly protracted and broadened pronotal plate; a massive, posteriorly protruding propodeum; reduced posterior rim of metapleuron; reduced scutellar foveae and lack of lateral bar “windows”; and a generally reduced scutellar plate. In addition, the posterior of the head has a distinctly curved occipital impression, resulting in the cuticle surrounding the foramen magnum to be extruded into a neck-like process. The biology of Garudella is unknown, but based on phylogenetic inference from morphology, the presumed host could be a cyclorrhaphous Diptera in a saprophagous environment.

A new genus and species of Eucoilinae, Rovnoeucoila tympanomorpha Buffington and Perkovsky, from a Rovno Amber inclusion, is described. This new taxon differs from extant eucoilines by having a clearly segmented metasoma and singular flagellomere morphology in the antenna. The new taxon is included in the re-analysis of a fossil calibrated, relaxed molecular clock divergence date analysis of Figitidae. The new analysis infers a mean crown group age for Eucoilinae at approximately 10 million years younger than previously estimated. The age of the eucoiline tribe Diglyphosematini does not change substantially in our new dating analysis, and is much younger when compared to the age of its host lineage Agromyzidae (Diptera); we discuss potential implications of this situation within the context of natural enemy selection in biological control projects that include parasitoid Hymenoptera.

The Microcoryphia are extensively distributed in the Nearctic Region, with over 30 species in 12 genera in two families. The genus Machilinus Silvestri 1904 has previously been reported from Arizona, British Columbia, California, Nevada, Utah, and possibly Colorado. I report and describe three new species of Machilinus based on specimens from Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, and Nevada. Machilinus matadero, new species, was collected from June through November in metropolitan Denver, Colorado. Machilinus taoseno, new species, was collected in April through August in northern New Mexico, central Colorado, and central Arizona. Machilinus zingiberus, new species, was collected in July through August in central Idaho and northern Nevada. A few biological notes are presented for each species. The machilid Pedetontus californicus (Silvestri 1911) is reported from Idaho for the first time.

Two new Costa Rican species of Megaselia Rondani (Megaselia mithridatesi new species and Megaselia toxicobibitor new species) that are attracted to polydesmidan (Diplopoda) defensive compound secretions are described. The strikingly colored Megaselia schildi Borgmeier appears to be closely related to these species, and new records of its association with polydesmidan millipedes are given. These three species represent the only examples of Phoridae outside of the millipedeparasitoid genus Myriophora Brown that are attracted to millipede defensive compounds. The natural history and behavior of these species are discussed.

Two new species of Compsosoma Lacordaire are described from South America: Compsosoma oculata from Bolivia, Santa Cruz Department, Refugio Los Volcanes and Compsosoma marcelae from Peru, Amazonas Department, 3 km east of Bagua Grande. Compsosoma alboapicalis Breuning is synonymized with Desmiphoropsis variegata (Audinet-Serville). A key to the 13 known species of Compsosoma is presented.

The adults and gall of the sexual generation of the oak gall wasp Disholcaspis quercusmamma (Walsh and Riley) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) are described and matched with the alternate asexual generation for the first time. We also provide notes on the taxonomy, life history, and mode of sex determination of these insects. Chalcidoid parasitoids reared from the sexual generation were Sycophila dubia (Walsh) (Eurytomidae), Torymus denticulatus Breland (Torymidae), Mesopolobus sp., and Pteromalus sp. (Pteromalidae). This rearing of T. denticulatus is a new record for Colorado and a new associate of D. quercusmamma.

Wyeomyia (Nunezia)paucartamboensis Porter, new species is described from specimens reared from tank bromeliads growing in humid premontane forest on the eastern slopes of the Peruvian Andes. The description, with relevant illustrations and images, is of the adult male and female, as well as of the pupal and fourth-instar larval stages. In addition, a diagnosis of the subgenus Nunezia is presented with emphasis on differentiation from other subgenera of Wyeomyia.

The cicada genus Chilecicada Sanborn n. gen. is described to accommodate the Chilean species, C. occidentis (Walker, 1850) n. comb., which is redescribed and illustrated, with the first description of the female. The new genus is placed in the Chilecicadini Sanborn n. tribe. Ahomana Distant, 1905 is transferred from the Tibicinini within the Tibicininae to the Carinetini within the Cicadettinae. A lectotype is designated for Ahomana neotropicalis Distant, 1905.

Blood-fed, female Culicoides were collected and their meals were excised from the abdomens for molecular analysis. A total of forty-one blood-fed females of eight species were collected, including Culicoides biguttatus (Coquillett), C. furens (Poey), C. guttipennis (Coquillett), C. haematopotus Malloch, C. pallidicornis Kieffer, C. scanloni Wirth and Hubert, C. spinosus Root and Hoffman, and C. stellifer (Coquillett). Positive blood-meal identifications included white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmerman) from C. biguttatus and C. furens, wild boar Sus scrofa L. from C. biguttatus and C. spinosus, and white-throated sparrow Zonotrichia albicolis (Gmelin) from C. haematopotus.

Haplaxius ovatus (Ball) is a little-known cixiid planthopper whose host plants were unknown. During fieldwork in late May, late June—early July, and late August—early September from 2010 to 2013, we collected adults (n = 778) on switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.; Poaceae: Panicoideae) at 59 sites in nine states: Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. New state records are Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. The cixiid was not encountered during less extensive collecting from other prairie grasses: big bluestem, Andropogon gerardii Vitman; little bluestem, Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash; Indiangrass, Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash; and prairie cordgrass, Spartina pectinata Bosc ex Link. In Nebraska, where switchgrass surveys were most extensive, H. ovatus typically was found in the Tallgrass and Mixedgrass Prairie ecoregions (remnant prairies and roadsides), was uncommon in the Sandhills, and was present along the eastern edge (-102° W longitude) of Shortgrass Prairie. Cixiid nymphs are subterranean, and no attempt was made to detect nymphs of H. ovatus. Male-biased populations and presence of teneral adults (mostly females) in late May, however, suggest a recent emergence from P. virgatum. The few adults taken in late August—early September are assumed to represent those still persisting from the only complete generation (univoltinism). Characters are provided to facilitate the recognition of this switchgrass-associated cixiid. Additional study is needed to verify that H. ovatus overwinters as nymphs, develops on P. virgatum, and is univoltine, as well as determine if it might use related species of Panicum, other panicoid genera, or even non-panicoid grasses as hosts.