The identity of Pyralis griseana Fabricius is established and the species is transferred to Spragueia Grote, 1875 as a junior synonym of S. margana (Fabricius, 1794). We place Stenoma griseanum Zeller, 1839 as a junior subjective synonym of Antaeotricha walchiana (Stoll, 1782) (Depressariidae: Stenomatinae), revised synonomy.

Ridens is a genus of about 20 described species of neotropical skipper butterflies to which we add Ridens conservationinternationalis Burns and Grishin, new species. We describe it from wild-caught caterpillars, what they eat, pupae, reared adults, genitalia, nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, and the Z chromosome. The type-series of this skipper comes from mid-elevation (510–980 m) rain forest on the Caribbean slope of the Cordillera Guanacaste in northwestern Costa Rica. (One male has been taken in Darien in eastern Panama.) To date, caterpillars have been found on just three species in two genera (Persea and Beilschmiedia) of Lauraceae. The head of immature stages is unusual with respect to larval color pattern and pupal morphology. Adult facies differs from those of congeners, and male genitalia differ sharply from those of the other species of Ridens reared in Area de Conservation Guanacaste (ACG). Three phylogenetic trees based on genomic data show that R. conservationinternationalis is well-removed from described species of Ridens but close to a similar-looking male of an undescribed species from Peru. (Tangentially, we undo the polytypic status of R. crison by reinstating R. cachinnans as a species instead of subspecies and newly raising R. howarthi from subspecies to species.)

The genitalia of an unusually pale and uniform male of Gesta (Erynnides) from central Texas are intermediate between those of Gesta horatius and Gesta tristis tatius, owing to interspecific hybridization. These sister species are widely distributed (mainly from the eastern United States and from the southwestern United States to Colombia, respectively) and barely sympatric. Four different methods of analyzing data from whole genome sequencing of 7 specimens of each parental species, 6 specimens of related species G. meridianus (as an outgroup), and the specimen with the peculiar genitalia show that it is an F1 hybrid whose mother is G. t. tatius. The superficial appearance of this hybrid does not suggest either parent.

Deadwood is a heterogenous, globally important habitat associated with high biodiversity. Surveys and inventories are important to discover which species require what deadwood resources. In the Tunica Hills region of Louisiana an emergence study designed for Coleoptera was conducted using various decay classes of fine and coarse woody debris collected in least-disturbed (Tunica Hills Wildlife Management Area) and secondary (Feliciana Preserve) forests. Aradidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) bycatch totaled 258 specimens representing six species. Aradid communities did not differ significantly between the two forests. Neuroctenus pseudonymus Bergroth was significantly associated with weathered fine woody debris whereas Aradus ornatus Say was significantly associated with both coarse woody debris decay class 2 and weathered fine woody debris. A serendipitous collection of Aradus duzeei Bergroth from the exterior of an emergence chamber represents a new state record. Emergence, while time consuming, is a viable way to augment Aradidae surveys and discover habitat preferences.

Telamona californica new species is described from California, USA, illustrated and compared to the three other Telamona species (T. calva Ball, T. coronata Ball, T. vestita Ball), and one subspecies (T. vestita carynotana Ball) found in California. A key, with illustrations to the species and subspecies of Telamona found in California, is included.

A new genus and species of tethinine flies from Kiptopeke, Virginia was discovered in the unsorted Diptera material in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. Delmarvatethina steineri new genus and species is herein described and discussed. New collecting records for three other tethinine flies, Tethina albula (Loew, 1869), T. willistoni (Melander, 1913), and T. parvula (Loew, 1869), from Delmarva are noted and a key to all four species is provided.

Five species of the grass fly genus Meromyza are recorded from beach dunes, salt marshes, and some inland habitats in New England, USA and Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island, Canada. Meromyza nigriseta Fedoseeva is recorded from the Nearctic Region for the first time. New habitat information for M. flavipalpis Malloch, M. communis Fedoseeva, and M. americana Fitch, are provided. Some notes on M. frontosa Fedoseeva are provided as its distribution potentially includes eastern North America. Photographs aiding in the identification of all five included species are provided.

Five Heteroptera from Arizona/New Mexico are reported new to the United States: Pronotacantha armata Štusák [Berytidae], Tominotus hogenhoferi (Signoret) [Cydnidae], and Calocorisca tenera Distant, Fulvius atratus Distant, and Macrolophus saileri Carvalho [Miridae]. Reviews of the pertinent literature, distribution records, and known host information are provided and color habitus images and diagnoses of each species are presented to facilitate identification.

Diaphorina citri is considered the most serious pest of citrus. It transmits the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter spp., which causes Huanglongbing disease. Augmentation biological control of D. citri involves the release of the parasitoid Tamarixia radiata and entomopathogenic fungi. The following potential predators were evaluated in the present study: Ceraeochrysa valida, Ceraeochrysa sp. nr. cincta, Chrysoperla externa and Chrysoperla rufilabris. The evaluated parameters included maximum predation rate, functional response, handling time and search time. C. externa showed the highest predation rate (274.1 ± 3.1a). The correlation coefficient for the four species was higher than R² = 0.95, while the linear coefficient P₁ was negative and significant, indicating a type II functional response. The third instar of C. externa showed high search capacity (1.7905 ± 0.0737), while the first instar of C. valida was associated with low search capacity (0.6243 ± 0.1118). The highest and lowest values of handling time were recorded in the third (0.00891 ± 0.00105) and second instars (0.00931 ± 0.000075) of C. valida. The species C. rufilabris showed the highest search capacity value (1.3551 ± 0.0261) and the lowest handling time (0.00899 ± 0.00008904). The results show that the predatory capacity of the four species is a function of their stage of development and the density of the prey. The species C. externa and C. rufilabris showed to be the most suitable natural enemies for population regulation of D. citri.

Diaphorina citri se considera la plaga más grave de los cítricos. Transmite la bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter spp., causante de la enfermedad Huanglongbing. El control biológico de D. citri implica la liberación del parasitoide Tamarixia radiata y de hongos entomopatógenos. En el presente estudio se evalúan las siguientes alternativas de control mediante los depredadores Ceraeochrysa valida, Ceraeochrysa sp. nr. cincta, Chrysoperla externa y Chrysoperla rufilabris. Los parámetros evaluados incluyen la tasa máxima de depredación, la respuesta funcional, el tiempo de manipulación y el tiempo de búsqueda. C. externa mostró la mayor tasa de depredación (274,1 ± 3,1a). El coeficiente de correlación para las cuatro especies fue superior a R2 = 0,95, mientras que el coeficiente lineal P1 fue negativo y significativo, indicando una respuesta funcional de tipo II. El tercer instar de C. externa mostró una alta capacidad de búsqueda (1,7905 ± 0,0737), mientras que el primer instar de C. valida se asoció con una baja capacidad de búsqueda (0,6243 ± 0,1118). Los valores más altos y más bajos de tiempo de manipulación se registraron en el tercer (0,00891 ± 0,00105) y segundo instar (0,00931 ± 0,000075) de C. valida. La especie C. rufilabris mostró el mayor valor de capacidad de búsqueda (1,3551 ± 0,0261) y el menor tiempo de manipulación (0,00899 ± 0,00008904). Los resulta-dos muestran que la capacidad depredadora de las cuatro especies está en función de su estado de desarrollo y de la densidad de las presas. Las especies C. externa y C. rufilabris demostraron ser las más adecuadas para el control de D. citri.

During collections made in 2019 and 2020 at different localities in the Sierra Norte de Puebla (Northern Sierra of Puebla), Mexico, some odonate specimens, representing new state records of three genera and 16 species, were captured. Among the new records there are little known species such as Erpetogomphus erici (Novelo and Garrison, 1999), E. liopeltis (Garrison, 1994) and Phyllocycla breviphylla (Belle, 1975). Furthermore, new localities are recorded for uncommon species, such as Paraphlebia zoe (Selys in Hagen, 1861), Argia percellulata (Calvert, 1902) and Erpetogomphus viperinus (Selys, 1868). These records add to the already known species richness of the state of Puebla, increasing it from 110 to 126 species. As a result, the state of Puebla is now in tenth place nationally in terms of species richness.

No comprehensive identification resource is available for the genus Frankliniella. In response, a dynamic internet–based platform with interactive identification tools, species fact sheets and slide preparation tutorials are being developed by the author(s). We reviewed certain type, port interceptions, and origin collected specimens. We attempted to validate species identification using non-destructive DNA extraction and sequencing of both intercepted and field collected specimens. Sequences explicitly linked to a permanently curated morphological voucher specimen were deposited in a public repository (GenBank). The morphological review and genetic analysis revealed that both F. bruneri Watson and F. xanthaner Hood are each likely cryptic species complexes. Five species are described, F. ecuatoriana new species, F. funderburki new species, F. pelucensis new species, F. sanabriana new species and F. suramericana new species. Sequence data are recorded for the holotype specimens of the latter four species. Taxonomic status changes for F. genuina Hood and F. venusta Moulton are provided.

Three species of Lineodes Guenée were discovered feeding on four solanaceous host plants in Peru: L. integra Zeller on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), L. undulata Walsingham on aji (Capsicum baccatum L.) and sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), and L. vulcanalis Landry on wild tobacco (Nicotiana glauca Graham). Lineodes integra, the most well-known and widely distributed species in the Western Hemisphere, reportedly feeds on a wide diversity of solanaceous plants, but this is the first report of host plants for L. undulata and L. vulcanalis. Sexual dimorphism in L. undulata and L. vulcanalis is reported for the first time, and this is the first report of L. undulata since it was described from Peru over 100 years ago. Additional new Peruvian Lineodes species, Lineodes leuschneri Solis, new species, and Lineodes ravenalis Solis, new species, discovered at the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, are described. A lectotype is newly designated for Lineodes contortalis Guenée, 1854 described from Brazil. Images of adults and their genitalia, as well as some of the immatures, are provided.

Tres especies de Lineodes Guenée fueron descubiertas alimentán-dose de quatro plantas hospedantes solanáceas en Perú: L. integra Zeller en tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.), L undulata Walsingham en ají (Capsicum baccatum L.) y en pimiento morrón (Capsicum annuum L.), y L. vulcanalis en tabaco silvestre (Nicotiana glauca Graham). Lineodes integra, se informa que es la especie más conocida y ampliamente distribuída en el hemisferio occidental, se alimenta de una amplia diversidad de plantas solanáceas, pero este es el primer reporte de plantas hospederas para L. undulata y L. vulcanalis. Se reporta por primera vez dimorfismo sexual en L. undulata and L. vulcanalis, y es es el primer reporte de L. undulata desde que fue descrita de Perú hace más de 100 años. Dos nuevas especies peruanas de Lineodes leuschneri Solis, nueva especie, and L. ravenalis Solis, nueva especie, descubiertas en El Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Washington, DC, se describen en este documento. Se designa recientemente un lectotipo para Lineodes contortalis Guenée, 1854 descrito en Brasil. Se aportan imágenes de adults y sus genitales, así como de algunos de los immaduros.

The recent discovery of larvae as stem and petiole miners in Colocasia esculenta var. esculenta Schott (Araceae) in Costa Rica provided the impetus for the study of Cacographis Lederer in Central America. Adults were reared and identified as Cacographis osteolalis osteolalis (Lederer, 1863), the taro snout moth (newly coined here). Because most of the feeding is internal, external reactions by the plant are described and illustrated for diagnosis in taro plantations. Additionally, based on evidence of external morphology, male genitalia, and COI barcodes, we elevate the Central American Cacographis osteolalis azteca Munroe to the rank of species, C. azteca, revised status. In addition to C. undulalis Schaus that is endemic to Costa Rica, two additional taxa, C. azteca, and the nominotypical subspecies, C. osteolalis osteolalis, are also reported to occur in Costa Rica. The larva of the genus Cacographis is described for the first time in the subfamily Midilinae, a member of the “wet habitat clade” in the Crambidae. The larvae have bisetose lateral setae on the prothorax that differ greatly in length, and highly modified abdominal segments eight and nine, with spiracles for respiration facing posteriorly that have not been reported elsewhere in the Pyraloidea. Cacographis larvae are compared to those of Midila Walker, and images of the larval morphology are provided.

El reciente descubrimiento de larvas como minadores del tallo y pecíolo en plantas de malanga Colocasia esculenta var. esculenta Schott (Araceae) en Costa Rica impulsó el estudio de Cacographis Lederer en Centroamérica. Los adultos fueron criados e identificados como Cacographis osteolalis (Lederer, 1863), la polilla del taro (término acuñado en este trabajo). Debido a que la mayor parte de la alimentación es interna, las reacciones externas de la planta se describen e ilustran para el diagnóstico en las plantaciones de malanga. Además, con base en evidencia morfológica (externa), los genitales masculinos y los códigos de barras COI, eleva-mos a Cacographis osteolalis azteca Munroe centroamericano al rango de especie, C. azteca, estado revisado. Además de C. undulalis Schaus que es endémica de Costa Rica, también se reportan en Costa Rica dos taxones adicionales, C. azteca, y la subespecie nominotípica C. osteolalis osteolalis. La larva del género Cacographis se describe por primera vez en la subfamilia Midilinae, miembro del “clado de hábitat húmedo” en Crambidae. Las larvas tienen en el protórax setas laterales bisetosas que difieren mucho en longitud, y los segmentos abdominales ocho y nueve altamente modificados con espiráculos respiratorios orientados posteriormente y asi únicos en Pyraloidea. Las larvas de Cacographis se comparan con las de Midila Walker; se brindan imágenes de la morfología larval.