Despite the importance of fungi as symbionts and decomposers, studies on urban fungi are largely focused on pathogenic and economically harmful species. Urban fungal biodiversity is understudied and there are no published studies focusing on the diversity of Boletales in New York City. Many Boletales are known to form mycorrhizal associations, which are important to plant and ecosystem health. In this study, MyCoPortal, a public database of fungarium collections, was queried to generate a species list of all Boletales collected from New York City over the past 123 years. Overall, 89 species in 12 families of Boletales were found across the five boroughs of the city, though a number of species have not been re-collected in over a century. The species list illustrates the previously overlooked diversity of Boletales in New York City and can be used to direct future efforts to study these fungi in urban ecosystems.

Despite Connecticut's 350+ years of logging history, there remains an appreciable acreage of small, isolated stands of 200+-year-old forests, most of which are in their original state or nearly so. The three primary forest communities discussed here are classified by their dominant tree species: ridges with eastern red cedar, ravines with eastern hemlock, and acidic, boreal swamps with black gum. The old-growth eastern red cedars occur throughout the Metacomet traprock ridges, which run north to south along central Connecticut. The old-growth eastern hemlocks are found in remote, steep ravines mostly within the Litchfield Hills and Connecticut's northwest corner. Isolated acidic boreal black gum/red spruce swamps are concentrated in high-altitude, shallow basins in the Litchfield Hills and the Quiet Corner (Northeastern Connecticut).

Carex waponahkikensis was first recognized and named C. scoparia var. tessellata in 1910 by Merritt Fernald and Karl Wiegand, based on collections from Washington County, Maine. This paper provides information on the syntypes and lectotype, a history of the treatment of this taxon in regional floras, a review of selected specimens, and updated information on geographical distribution.

The recently named nothospecies Rosa ×fernaldiorum was incorrectly described as a hybrid between R. carolina and R. nitida. We show that the proper hybrid formula is R. nitida × R. palustris. The purported holotype was found to consist of three specimens mounted on two sheets; we here choose a lectotype from this material, correct the hybrid formula, provide a more complete description than in the original place of publication, and cite additional specimens.