Considering the tremendous impact of temperature on development and fecundity of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), this paper aimed to evaluate effects of warm-temperature treatments on the physiological metabolism of B. cucurbitae. The physiological metabolism of B. cucurbitae, specifically hydroxyproline, malondialdehyde, acetylcholinesterase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidation capacity, and peroxidase were analyzed with six indices through 25°C-1 hour treatment, 37°C-1 hour treatment and 45°C-1 hour treatment. Results indicated that superoxide dismutase, acetylcholinesterase, malondialdehyde, and hydroxyproline activity increased significantly with temperature. The indices reached maximum values after the 45°C 1-hour treatment, respectively, 465.7 (u/gf·wt), 0.4 (µmol/min/g f·wt), 14.8 (µmol/g f·wt), and 0.5 (µg/ml). Total antioxidation capacity and peroxidase maintained stability and activity, respectively, 55.3 (FRAR Ag f·wt) and 31.2 (U/mg protein) after the 45°C 1-hour treatment. Results of the study will help in further studying reproduction and regulatory networks at warm temperatures and increase lethal effect under hot temperature. Short-term, warm conditions have become more frequent because of climate change. The specific influence of short-term, extremely warm temperatures on insect pests should receive more research attention.