A new species of Pariana, found only in remnants of the Atlantic moist forest in the state of Espírito Santo in eastern Brazil, is described. The inflorescence structure in the new Pariana multiflora resembles those of P. lanceolata and P. carvalhoi, two species endemic to the Atlantic moist forests in southern Bahia, and all three are considered CR (critically endangered) by IUCN Red List criteria. The new species differs mainly by a greater number of inflorescences (up to five) per fertile culm and by the purple adaxial surface of the leaf blade, as well as by conical papillae and long unicellular trichomes that are present on both adaxial and abaxial leaf blade surfaces. Description of its morphology and leaf anatomy, compared with the other two mentioned species, based on optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, as well as illustrations and ecological data, are provided.