Eugenia tumescens B. S. Amorim & M. Alves, a new species from northeastern Brazil is here described, illustrated, and compared to its putative closest relatives. This species is distinguished from other species of Eugenia by the inflorescence with short internodes, the tumescent pedicel apex, deciduous and linear bracteoles, and glandular-rugose fruit. Eugenia tumescens is found in the lowland and sub-montane portions of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest from Pernambuco.