Tovomita comprises approximately 50 species that are mainly distributed in moist forests of the Neotropics. In Brazil there are 34 species, which occur in the Amazon region and along the Atlantic coast. We here describe and illustrate the Tovomita species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, as well as characterize the leaf morphology of these taxa. Leaves were cleared and their venation was analyzed to look for diagnostic characters related to architecture and the relationship between the secondary and intersecondary veins. Eleven species of Tovomita were recorded, which have distributions ranging from the state of Rio Grande do Norte to the state of Rio de Janeiro. An identification key, based on the analysis, and distribution maps are provided. Tovomita salimenae, a new and vulnerable species endemic to the state of Minas Gerais, is described and two synonyms and nine lectotypifications are proposed. This work also revealed that seven species have larger distributions than previously thought and two species are critically endangered (T. iaspidis and T. megantha). The most relevant characters used to identify the studied species were exudate color, venation pattern, and bud shape.