A new species assigned to the genus Pouteria is described and illustrated. Pouteria samborae is morphologically similar to Pouteria glomerata subsp. glomerata and Pouteria macrocarpa, but differs from them by its eucampto-brochidodromous venation pattern, well developed intersecondary veins, tertiary veins with a loose reticulum, and fimbriate inner sepal margins. Environmental, geographic distribution and conservation information for the new species is provided. In addition, a key to the four-lobed corolla species of Pouteria with ciliate margins from the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil is presented.