Although rare in Wisconsin, seven examples of the cedar glade community type were included John T. Curtis's study of the vegetation conducted in the 1950s. Comparison of the contemporary vegetation to historical records revealed major successional changes. Juniperus virginiana (L.) remains the dominant woody plant, though it has since formed closed canopies. Canopy closure led to the replacement of understory savanna and prairie plants by shade-tolerant species, and the stands have become more similar to one another in composition. Many of the taxa that dominated the 2004 understory were present in the 1950s, though at lower abundances. The number of exotic taxa and the abundance of exotic individuals increased, although species native to Wisconsin still accounted for ∼90% of plants present in the understory.