The millipede Perunosoma trojanica gen. nov., sp. nov. is described on the basis of specimens from the Prekonoška Pećina Cave in southeast Serbia. Scanning electron micrographs of the gonopods and legs are presented. Comparative photomicrographs of the closely related genus Serbosoma Ćurčić and Makarov, 2000 are also presented. The central part of the anterior gonopods in these genera can be species-specific and provide grounds for initial recognition of species. The Anthroleucosomatidae occupy three disjunct areas globally: one on the west coast of North America, the second in Asia, and the third in Europe. The North American anthroleucosomatid fauna is composed of one monotypic genus, while the Asian one includes six genera with seven species and the much more diverse European anthroleucosomatids include 14 genera with 39 species.