The Neotropical genus Paranota Monrós and Viana, 1949 is revised and its species redescribed. Paranota apiculata (Boheman 1854), new combination, is transferred from the genus Dorynota Chevrolat, 1836, Paranota rugosa (Wagener, 1881), revised status and new combination, is resurrected from synonymy with Paranota ensifera (Boheman, 1854), and Paranota parallela (Blanchard, 1837) is found to not be a member Paranota and transferred to the genus Dorynota. Following this revision, Paranota now contains five species. In addition, the morphology of the male and female genitalia of selected species is reviewed in detail. An identification key to species, updated distribution records, and maps are provided.

Ainu andoi Ruzzier, new species, from Laos and Yunnan (China) is described and illustrated. A comparison to related species is made, and a key to the known species is provided.

The following new scarab beetles are described from South America: Cyclocephala dupuisi Ratcliffe, new species, from Bolivia and Stenocrates caiporae Ratcliffe, new species, from Brazil (both Cyclocephalini); Hiekeianus halophilus Ratcliffe, new species, from Peru, Neoryctes similis Ratcliffe, new species, from Ecuador, and Adelaeus anachoretus Ratcliffe, new genus and new species, from the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador (all Pentodontini); and Hemiphileurus cornutus Ratcliffe, new species, from Colombia (Phileurini). Each new taxon is provided with a description, supporting illustrations, a diagnosis to distinguish it from similar taxa, and distribution. A revised key to the genera of New World Pentodontini is provided to include Adelaeus.

A study was conducted to explore the effect of season on colonization of dead twigs by beetles in a Louisiana secondary forest. Previous research showed that twigs cut during spring yielded many specimens and species. The present companion study utilized twigs averaging 14 mm in diameter cut from one tree of Quercus falcata Michaux (southern red oak) during fall (October) 2008, placed in bundles of 10 each, and left in the forest at three sites. Half the bundles were retrieved during winter (January, four months later) and the other half were retrieved during summer (July, nine months later). Coleoptera were collected from bundles using emergence chambers. Only 39 specimens of adult Coleoptera were collected, representing 12 families, 20 genera, and 21 species. Beetle colonization of oak twigs in Louisiana appears to be affected by the interaction of season and twig “quality” (apparently freshness) with the highest colonization taking place in fresh, dead twigs during spring and an order of magnitude lower colonization in 1) fresh twigs during fall or 2) stale twigs during spring and summer.

The loss of tropical forests has a direct effect on saproxylic beetles through the loss of larval feeding substrates and an indirect effect through microclimate change in forest fragments. Impacts will be exacerbated by climate change, and species with narrow niches will be particularly vulnerable. This study presents baseline data on niches (seasonality, host plant, stratum, and branch diameter) of saproxylic weevils in a minimally disturbed moist forest of French Guiana. Weevils (excluding bark beetles) were expected to be host specialists and more abundant in moist microhabitats. Bait branches from three species in the Brazil nut family (Lecythidaceae) were exposed during the dry and rainy season at ground and canopy stratum. They yielded 1,262 weevils in 24 species; 95% belonged to the subfamily Conoderinae. Weevils emerged in greatest abundance from Eschweilera coriacea (A. P. de Candolle) S. A. Mori and from branches in the coolest, moistest microhabitat: ground stratum during the rainy season. Shifts towards warmer, drier climatic conditions would probably have a negative impact on most saproxylic weevil species currently associated with the Brazil nut family. Although this family is expected to suffer under biotic homogenization, the favored host species is hyperdominant throughout Amazonia; climate permitting, E. coriacea could provide a refuge.

Identification and revision of firefly species are largely based on morphological characteristics. Subsequently, female firefly specimens have been neglected in taxonomic inventories because morphological descriptions relied only on male firefly specimens. In light of successful DNA barcoding in many invertebrates, this study explored the potential of DNA barcoding to complement morphological identification of fireflies in Malaysia. Firefly specimens were collected from riparian forests (including mangroves) in Peninsular Malaysia and Sarawak. Specimens were morphologically examined, and their DNA was extracted for molecular analysis. The morphological data of the male specimens was found to be congruent with molecular data, i.e., both indicated 12 species. However, inclusion of females and larvae in the DNA analysis increased the species count to 14 species. We also found distinct geographically structured variations in the DNA barcodes of two species: Pteroptyx tener Olivier and Pteroptyx bearni Olivier. The study indicates that firefly species delimitation using traditional taxonomic knowledge and new technology like DNA barcoding are compatible, therefore increasing the reliability of species identification.

Two rare species of the longicorn beetle subfamily Lamiinae, Imantocera penicillata (Hope, 1831) and Eutaenia corbetti Gahan, 1893, from Tripura, a province in northeastern India, are redescribed and illustrated. This is the first detailed account of the external morphology of both sexes of the two species. Host plants of the two species are reported for the first time: I. penicillata was collected from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamarck and E. corbetti was collected from Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston.

The genus Pujoliclerus Pic is redefined to include 30 species as follows: Pujoliclerus helvinus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus maracayensis Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus modestus Pic; Pujoliclerus prolatus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus bilineatus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus calceatus (Chevrolat); Pujoliclerus corumba Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus flavolimbatus (Spinola); Pujoliclerus ovatus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus wappesi Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus amplus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus flavoapicalus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus gilvus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus hermani Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus orellana Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus oxinus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus alajuela Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus megacavus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus alboordinus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus apolegmus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus casselorum Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus catarina Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus macilentus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus megalus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus argus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus aspigalbus Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus flora Opitz, new species; Pujoliclerus posticalis (Chapin); Pujoliclerus ostrinus Opitz, new species; and Pujoliclerus pallidus Opitz, new species. Lectotypes are designated for P. modestus and P. calceatus, and Pseudichnea varicollis Schenkling is synonymyzed with P. calceatus and Pelonium flavomarginatum Chevrolat with P. flavolimbatus. According to morphological analysis, Pujoliclerus species are thought to be carnivorous on lignicolous insects. Moreover, these species are thought to originate in the highlands of South America with several infiltrations into terrain of Central America. A discussion of nomenclatural issues with the Enopliinae genus Pseudichnea Schenkling is presented, as well a treatise on natural history, a key to species-groups and species, a discussion of interspecies-group evolutionary relationships, and a phylogenetic tree generated with Winclada in coordination with NONA.

Neacratus antennatus Mantilleri, Lanuza-Garay, and Bartolozzi, new species, a straight-snout weevil from Central America, is described and illustrated. Although the new taxon shows very peculiar antennal and elytral apices, it is provisionally included in the genus Neacratus Alonso-Zarazaga, Lyal, Bartolozzi, and Sforzi, 1999. The new species is compared with other Neacratus species, particularly to Neacratus glabratus (Lund, 1800), the type species of the genus.

The female of Ersachus erichosonianus Sharp is described for the first time, on the basis of a specimen collected in a fragment of cloud forest in central Veracruz, Mexico. A diagnosis for the separation of this species from other members of the genus in Mexico and Central America is given. Illustrations of habitus, dorsal vestiture, abdomen, and genitalia are provided, as well as data on the habitat. This is the first finding of this species since its description in 1902.