A review of Dorynota Chevrolat s. str. is presented in which 18 species are included in the subgenus. Three new species are described: Dorynota (s. str.) monneorum Simões and Sekerka, new species and Dorynota (s. str.) borowieci Simões and Sekerka, new species from Brazil, and Dorynota (s. str.) wappesi Sekerka and Simões, new species from Bolivia. Two new synonyms are proposed: Dorynota (s. str.) aculeata (Boheman, 1854) = Dorynota (s. str.) pubescens (Blake, 1939), new synonymy, and Dorynota (s. str.) cornigera Boheman, 1854 = Dorynota (s. str.) bellicosa Boheman, 1854, new synonymy. Dorynota (s. str.) pugnax Boheman, 1854, restored status, is resurrected from synonymy with Dorynota (s. str.) nodosa (Boheman, 1854). Thirty-five new country and region records are reported for 10 species. A key to species and color photographs of all species are provided.