The taxonomy of four relatively common Neotropical eumaeine hairstreak species has been confused. Newly described are Iaspis andersoni Robbins, new species, differentiated from I. talayra (Hewitson), I. castitas (Druce), and I. exiguus (Druce); Michaelus joseph Robbins, new species, differentiated from M. ira (Hewitson); and Ignata caldas Robbins, new species, differentiated from I. gadira (Hewitson). Iaspis andersoni is unnamed because of a taxonomic misidentification made more than a century ago. The latter two are undescribed because the types of M. ira and I. gadira are not the species that they had been thought to be. Populations in the Arawacus togarna (Hewitson) species complex from Mexico and Costa Rica have been treated as two distinct species, but new data on geographical variation of wing pattern and male genitalia suggests that this classification is incorrect. A lectotype for Thecla exiguus Druce, 1907 is designated because taxonomy of the Iaspis talayra group in the Amazon Region is unresolved. A lectotype for Thecla togarna Hewitson, 1867 is designated because an incorrect type locality has engendered confusion.

A single light trap in southern Georgia, USA, operated 29 times for two consecutive days over a 13-month period, captured almost 12,000 moths in six body length categories. Increasing size of moths was related to decreasing number of individuals captured. The smallest moths were the most frequently captured from late spring to early fall, and the least frequently captured at other times of the year. The smallest size (<6 mm) showed capture values widely divergent through time, whereas the intermediate category (11–15 mm and 16–20 mm) size values were the least divergent through time, suggesting that the smallest sized moths were the group most affected by environmental variables. The largest size categories, 21–25 mm and 26–30 mm, represented less than four percent of the total captures and were most frequently captured during the coldest temperatures and during rain. Environmental conditions the six days prior to trap operation were not consistently similar to those conditions prevailing during trap operation and in some cases did affect trap captures. Maximum temperature during trap operation was the best single explanatory variable for the occurrence of all captured moths, whereas minimum temperatures during trap operation was the best explanatory variable for the smallest size class, and rain prior to trap operation was the best single explanatory variable for the intermediate size classes.

The life cycle and behavior of Mesosemia mevania from eggs to adults in a lower montane humid forest in the Parque Ecológico Piedras Blancas (Antioquia, Colombia) are described and illustrated. For each stage, morphological characteristics are described as well as average size and development time. The average duration of the life cycle was 77.3 days. The host plant was Notopleura macrophylla (Rubiaceae)(Ruiz & Pav.) C. M. Taylor.

Lepidoptera may acquire damage to their wings throughout their lifespan. The ability to quantify the accumulated damage is relevant when studying the impact of wing damage on territorial behavior, mating systems, predation, or assessing relative age of the insect, but unfortunately, methods for accurate insect wing damage quantification are scarce. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new protocol that provides a simple method for accurately quantifying wing damage of live Lepidoptera, without the removal of them from the field. Using a combination of Adobe Photoshop® and Scion Image®, 3 photographs of wild Papilio (Pterourus) homerus butterflies with wing damage were analyzed and compared to an older method of visually estimating wing damage. Of the 12 individual wings analyzed, 7 were significantly different (p ≤ 0.05), and the new protocol yielded precise results. The newly described protocol is an inexpensive and accurate method for determining percent wing damage on insects without having to harm or remove them from the wild.