Hadena ectypa (Morrison, 1875) (Noctuidae: Noctuinae: Hadenini) is a rarely encountered moth of conservation concern, inhabiting forest and woodland openings and edges in eastern North America. A population discovered in 2002 in Massachusetts (USA) is the first record of this species in New England. Hadena ectypa larvae from this population were reared in 2003, 2009, and 2010; the immature stages and life history are described. Parasitism by a species of Eulophus Geoffroy, 1762 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and predation by Toxomerus geminatus (Say, 1823) (Diptera: Syrphidae) were observed. The native host plant of Hadena ectypa is Silene stellata (L.) W.T. Aiton (Caryophyllaceae), however, the population in Massachusetts uses introduced Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke as the primary larval host. Hadena ectypa could have adopted S. vulgaris as a novel host at any time during the past 200 years. S. vulgaris shares a number of traits with S. stellata that may have facilitated this host shift. Many of these traits are also shared by another introduced species, Silene latifolia Poiret, and while Hadena ectypa will feed on this plant in captivity, is not known to use it in the wild. The adoption of S. vulgaris as a larval host may allow Hadena ectypa to spread to new, weedier habitats, to increase its geographic range, and to increase its propensity for a second annual generation.

Seasonal trends of adult moth assemblages were investigated using portable light traps in a cool-temperate region in central Hokkaido, northern Japan. Light traps were set at monthly intervals from April to December 2005 in five stands. Seasonal changes in the numbers of species and individuals in each stand were unimodal with a peak in summer (July or August). The value of a similarity index between samples from successive months in each stand was always low, indicating that species composition changed greatly between successive months. Based on the seasonal occurrence of 248 species, the mean occurrence period in each species was only 1.8 months. Among these species, 91.5% were estimated to be univoltine and only 8.5% were estimated to be multivoltine. Most species occurred in the summer (July and/or August), although some occurred only in the spring or autumn. Thus, in the present study the high species turnover of adult moths during the active season was due to the short occurrence period of each species, which may be associated at least in part with univoltinism, synchronized adult eclosion, and short life spans of adult moths.

Eight new species of Eucosma Hübner (Tortricidae) are described from western North America: E. angelana, E. blanchardi, E. candida, E. johnstoni, E. lafontainei, E. maculosa, E. mescalerana, and E. rufocostana. Eucosma conspiciendana Heinrich and Eucosma cataclystiana (Walker) are reviewed due to similarity in forewing appearance to E. rufocostana. Illustrations of the adults and genitalia are provided.

The number and delimitation of species in the Phyciodes tharos species complex has puzzled lepidopterists for years. Previous analysis of mtDNA sequence data has suggested that P. cocyta is more closely related to P. cocyta than to P. tharos, in contrast to inferences from morphology and ecology. We sequenced the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I for 40 individuals of Phyciodes tharos, P. cocyta, and P. cocyta from Michigan and Ohio, a region at the boundaries of the geographic ranges of these species. Network and cladistic analyses reveal shared mtDNA lineages, indicating that limited hybridization occurs in this region between P. cocyta and the other two taxa but not between P. tharos and P. cocyta. Our evidence also supports the traditional phylogenetic assessment of P. tharos and P. cocyta as the two most closely related species in this species group. Data from nuclear genes are needed to more fully resolve this intriguing group of butterflies.

The note beginning on page 270 of volume 65(4) was authored by Ignacio Castellanos, Pedro Barbosa, and Astrid Caldas. Dr. Caldas's name was not properly capitalized in the list of author affiliations on page 272, nor was she included in the Table of Contents. The editors of Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society apologize for this omission.