Actenodes scabrosus sp. nov. from Michoacán, Guerrero, Oaxaca and Puebla, and Actenodes michoacanus sp. nov. from Michoacán, are described, illustrated, and compared to related species. Distributional and biological notes are presented for 65 other species of Buprestidae from Mexico and Central America in the following genera: Acmaeodera (s. str.) Eschscholtz 1829, Actenodes Dejean 1833, Agrilaxia Kerremans 1903, Agrilus (s. str.) Curtis 1825, Amorphosoma Laporte 1835, Aphanisticus Latreille 1829, Brachys Dejean 1833, Chrysobothris (s. str.) Eschscholtz 1829, Halecia Laporte & Gory 1837, Hiperantha (s. str.) Gistel 1834, Jelinekia Cobos 1980, Mixochlorus Waterhouse 1887, Oaxacanthaxia Bellamy 1991, Pachyschelus Solier 1833, Paragrilus Saunders 1871, Paratyndaris (s. str.) Fisher 1919, Pelycothorax Bellamy & Westcott 1996, Polycesta (Arizonica) Cobos 1981, and Polycesta (Tularensia) Nelson 1997. The records presented represent four new country and 25 new state records for Mexico, one species removed from the list of species from Mexico, one new country record for Nicaragua, 75 new adult host records and 24 new flower visitation records.