We observed Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) foraging at the landfill in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 1994–1996 and 2001–2002, to determine (1) diet and time budgets of eagles visiting the landfill; (2) whether food taken from the landfill provided a significant energy source for local eagle populations; and (3) the effects of eagle density and weather on eagle behavior. Eagles fed primarily on human refuse (95%, n = 628), but food items taken from the landfill accounted for only 10 ± 3% of their daily energy needs. Subadults foraged at the landfill more often than adults, and most “refuse specialists” appeared to be subadults. Eagle time budgets consisted of mostly resting (91%), the remainder largely spent drinking (2.6%), scavenging (2.3%), and pirating (1.8%). Resting increased with wind speed, and foraging efficiency declined with precipitation, consistent with the hypothesis that the landfill is primarily a location for resting during inclement weather. Foraging efficiency decreased when number of eagles and piracies increased, and percent of eagles foraging decreased with increased numbers of eagles. The home ranges of only 2 of 11 radio-tagged eagles, both subadults, consisted largely (>20%) of the landfill; home-range size and percent of the home range that included the landfill were negatively correlated, suggesting that most eagles visited the landfill occasionally while a few spent most of their time there. We concluded that (1) the Vancouver landfill was not a major energy source for eagles, in part because their foraging is inefficient due to the large number of potential pirates; (2) most eagles apparently used the landfill primarily as a site for resting during inclement weather (the landfill is protected from the wind, is slightly warmer than surrounding areas due to decomposing refuse and the surrounding conifer trees, and is relatively free of human activity); and (3) a small population of largely subadult refuse specialists appeared to gain much or all of their energy from the landfill.