Sixty years have past since the last extensive freshwater mussel (Bivalvia: Unionidae) survey of the Wakarusa River basin. During that time, the basin has experienced substantial changes, including construction of a reservoir. To determine what changes might have occurred in the freshwater mussel assemblage since the last survey, I sampled freshwater mussels by hand grabbing in a haphazard manner at 28 sites in the summer of 2004. Of the 27 species historically known from the basin, I collected 39 live individuals representing nine species in 52 man-hours, including one Truncilla donaciformis, which is listed as species-in-need-of-conservation by the state of Kansas; I also found valves of an additional four species. Six sites had live individuals, and valves were found at an additional ten sites. I did not find the exotic Dreissena polymorpha, which recently has become established in Kansas in the Walnut River basin.