Azafenidin (AZ), pendimethalin, simazine, and sulfometuron (SF) were applied alone and in combination to black cherry, black walnut, eastern white pine, flowering dogwood, northern bayberry, northern red oak, Siberian crabapple, white ash, white oak, and yellow poplar seedlings grown for 2 yr in the field. There were significant differences in diameter, height, and stem volume among the treatments for every species after the third growing season. Tillage significantly increased tree growth over controls for most species. No single herbicide treatment ranked best for all tree species but comparison of the mean ranks of the treatments for all species indicated that AZ resulted in the best growth. Post–bud-break applications of SF and AZ were no better than untreated controls for most species. Herbicide treatments did not affect tree survival over years but exhibited potential for better growth in establishment years.

Nomenclature: Azafenidin; pendimethalin; simazine; sulfometuron; black cherry, Prunus serotina Ehrh.; black walnut, Juglans nigra L.; eastern white pine, Pinus strobus L.; flowering dogwood, Cornus florida L.; northern bayberry, Myrica pensylvancia L.; northern red oak, Quercus rubra L.; Siberian crabapple, Malus baccata (L.) Borkh; white ash, Fraxinus americana L.; white oak, Quercus alba L.; yellow poplar, Liriodendon tulipifera L.