Of the seven species of Dysphania sect. Botryoides recognized from Asia, the Mediterranean and Central Asian D. botrys is widespread in the area and D. nepalensis is widespread in the Hindu Kush, Himalaya and China. They are sympatric only from the E Hindu Kush and Pamir to NW Himalaya. Dysphania schraderiana from East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula has a restricted area in NW Pakistan, and the recently described D. bhutanica is known from Bhutan and China (Xizang). Two species are described here as new to science and illustrated: D. kitiae from China (Gansu) and D. himalaica from high altitudes in N India, Nepal and China (Xizang). Dysphania tibetica, also from high altitudes in N India to China (Xizang), is transferred from Chenopodium to Dysphania. Dysphania kitiae has narrowly lobed leaves, the back of the perianth lobes with a forward-projecting tooth near the apex and seeds with an undulate testa; D. himalaica is characterized by vertical seeds, previously almost unknown in this section; and D. tibetica has a very dense indumentum and the ultimate branchlets of its inflorescence are sterile. Descriptions for all recorded species are provided, a key to them is presented and distribution maps for D. botrys, D. himalaica, D. nepalensis and D. tibetica are given. A lectotype for C. foetidum (≡ C. schraderianum, D. schraderiana) is designated.
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