We establish the first checklist of the earwig species from French Guiana, updating previous works. This list comprises 49 species distributed in five families: Pygidicranidae Verhoeff, 1902, Forficulidae Stephens, 1829, Labiduridae Verhoeff, 1902, Spongiphoridae Verhoeff, 1902, Anisolabididae Verhoeff, 1902. Twentyfour species are cited for the first time from French Guiana and five species are only mentioned from bibliographical records. Three misidentified records are discarded. Species diversity in French Guiana is similar to neighboring countries and a few additional species will probably be found. Some poorly recorded species have been found, such as Cosmogerax araguensis (Brindle 1974), Cosmogerax doesburgiBrindle 1982, Sarcinatrix quadrimaculata Brindle 1971, Doru unicolor Brindle 1971, Purex surinamensis Brindle 1971, Spongiphora buprestoides (Kirby 1891). Purex formosusHebard 1920, described from French Guiana, has been rediscovered in the Mitaraka mountains and its female collected for the first time. We provide comments on some species and on a few undetermined specimens and indicate some taxonomic challenges unresolved in French Guiana.