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20 January 2016 Innate Cellular Immune Responses in Aedes caspius (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes
D. E. Soliman, H. A. Farid, R. E. Hammad, A. M. Gad, L. C. Bartholomay
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Abstract

Mosquitoes transmit a variety of pathogens that have devastating consequences for global public and veterinary health. Despite their capacity to serve as vectors, these insects have a robust capacity to respond to invading organisms with strong cellular and humoral immune responses. In Egypt, Aedes caspius (Pallas, 1771) has been suspected to act as a bridge vector of Rift Valley Fever virus between animals and humans. Microscopic analysis of Ae. caspius hemolymph revealed the presence of phagocytic cells called granulocytes. We further evaluated cellular immune responses produced by Ae. caspius as a result of exposure to a Gram-negative, and Gram-positive bacterium, and to latex beads. After challenge, a rapid and strong phagocytic response against either a natural or synthetic invader was evident. Hemocyte integrity in bacteria-inoculated mosquitoes was not morphologically affected. The number of circulating granulocytes decreased with age, reducing the overall phagocytic capacity of mosquitoes over time. The magnitude and speed of the phagocytic response suggested that granulocytes act as an important force in the battle against foreign invaders, as has been characterized in other important mosquito vector species.

© The Authors 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com
D. E. Soliman, H. A. Farid, R. E. Hammad, A. M. Gad, and L. C. Bartholomay "Innate Cellular Immune Responses in Aedes caspius (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes," Journal of Medical Entomology 53(2), 262-267, (20 January 2016). https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjv245
Received: 10 February 2015; Accepted: 11 December 2015; Published: 20 January 2016
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KEYWORDS
Aedes caspius
Cellular immune response
hemocyte
phagocytosis
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