Kent B. Livezey,¹ Terry L. Root,² Scott A. Gremel,³ Craig Johnson<sup>4

1</sup>U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Western Washington Fish and Wildlife Office, 510 Desmond Drive, Lacey, Washington 98503, USA. E-mail: kentJivezey@fws.gov
²Woods Institute for the Environment, Yang and Yamazaki Environment and Energy Building, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
³Olympic National Park, 600 East Park Avenue, Port Angeles, Washington 98362, USA
⁴National Marine Fisheries Service, 1315 East-West Highway SSMC3, Silver Spring Maryland 20910, USA