Generic evaluation of Diospyros L. (Ebenaceae) for the Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar project necessitates the following nomenclatural actions: 12 new combinations are proposed for species originally described in Maba J.R.Forst. & G.Forst, or Tetraclis Hiern; two new combinations are proposed for species originally described in Olax L.; four new combinations are proposed resulting from the elevation of infraspecific taxa to the rank of species; two species are each provided with a new name; and 52 names (some of which are placed into synonymy) are lectotypified.