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1 April 2017 Development of Gene Expression Assays Measuring Immune Responses in the Spotted Hyena (Crocuta crocuta)
Roxanne L Higgitt, Peter E Buss, Paul D van Helden, Michele A Miller, Sven DC Parsons
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Abstract

As scavengers, spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) are exposed to a wide array of pathogens but exhibit low mortality rates due to infectious disease. This suggests that this species exhibits a unique and robust immune response to pathogens. However, few tools exist to measure cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in hyenas and we aimed to develop a gene expression assay to quantify antigen-specific responses. Whole blood from five Mycobacterium bovissensitised hyenas was incubated in Nil and TB antigen tubes of the QuantiFERON®-TB Gold (QFT) system. Using qPCR, the relative expression stability of the reference genes ACTB, GAPDH, YWHAZ and TBP in these samples was determined as well as the mean fold change in the expression of IFNG, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 in M. bovis-antigen stimulated blood. The expression of YWHAZ and TBP showed greatest stability, and YWHAZ was selected as a reference for further analysis. The expression of CXCL9 and CXCL11 showed greatest upregulation in antigen-stimulated blood and the assay results for these genes were strongly correlated. The measurement of antigen-induced CXCL9 and CXCL11 expression, relative to that of YWHAZ, can be used to measure CMI responses to infectious diseases in spotted hyenas.

© Zoological Society of Southern Africa
Roxanne L Higgitt, Peter E Buss, Paul D van Helden, Michele A Miller, and Sven DC Parsons "Development of Gene Expression Assays Measuring Immune Responses in the Spotted Hyena (Crocuta crocuta)," African Zoology 52(2), 99-104, (1 April 2017). https://doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2017.1309300
Received: 24 January 2017; Accepted: 1 March 2017; Published: 1 April 2017
KEYWORDS
bovine tuberculosis (bTB)
cell-mediated immunity (CMI)
CXC chemokine
Mycobacterium bovis
relative qPCR
YWHAZ
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