Terry V. Callaghan,^* Margareta Johansson,^** Ross D. Brown,^*** Pavel Ya. Groisman,^**** Niklas Labba,^***** Vladimir Radionov,^****** Roger G. Barry,^******* Olga N. Bulygina,^******** Richard L. H. Essery,^********* D. M. Frolov,^********** Vladimir N. Golubev,^*********** Thomas C. Grenfell,^************ Marina N. Petrushina,^{*************} Vyacheslav N. Razuvaev,^{**************} David A. Robinson,^{***************} Peter Romanov,^{****************} Drew Shindell,^{*****************} Andrey B. Shmakin,^{******************} Sergey A. Sokratov,^{*******************} Stephen Warren,^{********************} Daquing Yang<sup>*********************


*</sup>Terry V. Callaghan () is a Distinguished Research Professor at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and Professor of Arctic Ecology at the Universities of Sheffield, UK and Lund, Sweden. He specializes in arctic ecology, and climate and UV-B radiation impacts on arctic ecosystems. Address: Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden. e-mail: terry_callaghan@btinternet.com
^**Margareta Johansson is a research scientist at the Department of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Lund University and at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden. She specializes in permafrost dynamics in relation to climate change and its impact on ecosystems. Address: Department of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Division of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Analyses, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden, e-mail: margareta.johansson@nateko.lu.se
^***Ross D. Brown is a research scientist with the Climate Research Division of Environment Canada located at the Ouranos Climate Consortium in Montreal, Canada. His research interests include documenting and understanding snow cover variability and change, the representation of snow processes in climate and hydrological models, and the validation of snow cover in regional and global climate models. Address: Climate Research Division of Environment Canada, Ouranos Climate Consortium, c/o Ouranos, 550 Sherbrooke St. West, 19th Floor, Montreal, QC H3A 1B9, Canada, e-mail: ross.brown@ec.gc.ca
^****Pavel Ya. Groisman is a Research Scientist with the Global Climate Applications Division of the National Climatic Data Center/NOAA, Asheville, North Carolina USA. His research interests include climate, data synthesis and analysis, the diagnosis of climate variations, and Arctic climate. Address: NOAA/NESDIS National Climatic Data Center, Veach-Baley Federal Building, 151 Patton Avenue, Asheville, NC 28801–5001, USA. e-mail: Pasha.Groisman@noaa.gov
^*****Niklas Labba is the leader of Gáisi Sámi Centre in Tromsø, Norway. His research interests include traditional Sámi ecological knowledge and reindeer herding economy. Address: Gáisi Sámi Centre, Lakselvbukt, 9042 Laksvatn, Norway, e-mail: n.labba@gmail.com
^******Vladimir Radionov is the Head of the Department of Meteorology at the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Saint Petersburg. His research interests include analysis and generalization of hydrometeorological and solar radiation data in both polar regions. Address: AARI, 38 Bering Str., Saint Petersburg, The Russian Federation 199397. e-mail: vradion@aari.ru
^*******Roger G. Barry was Director of the National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, Boulder from 1976 to 2008. He is Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Geography and Fellow Emeritus of the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado. He specializes in polar and mountain climatology, climate change, and cryospheric sciences. He is author with T.Y. Gan of “The Global Cryosphere: Past, present and future” (2011). Address: NSIDC/CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309–0449, USA. e-mail: rbarry@nsidc.org
^********Olga N. Bulygina is Lead Scientist at the Department of Climatology at the All-Russian Institute for Hydrometeorological Information, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, The Russian Federation. Her research interests include climatic data quality control, archiving, synthesis, analysis, and dissemination for the territory of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Address: Climatology Department, All-Russian Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information—World Data Centre (RIHMIWDC), 6 Koroleva Street, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, The Russian Federation 249035. e-mail: bulygina@meteo.ru
^*********Richard L. H. Essery is a Reader in the School of GeoSciences at the University of Edinburgh with research interests in modeling and observation of land-atmosphere interactions in cold regions. Address: School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. e-mail: ressery@staffmail.ed.ac.uk
^**********D. M. Frolov is a Research Scientist at the Laboratory of Snow Avalanches and Mudflows at Geographical Faculty of Moscow State University, Moscow, The Russian Federation. His research interests include regularities of snow cover formation and the processes in snow cover. Address: Laboratory of Snow Avalanches and Mudflows, Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, Moscow, The Russian Federation 119991. e-mail: denisfrolovm@mail.ru
^***********Vladimir N. Golubev is lead Scientist at the Laboratory of Snow Avalanches and Mudflows at Geographical Faculty of Moscow State University, Moscow, The Russian Federation. His research interests include: ice crystal formation in atmosphere, solid precipitation and snowfalls, modeling of vapor transfer and isotopic content of snow cover. Address: Laboratory of Snow Avalanches and Mudflows, Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, Moscow, The Russian Federation 119991. e-mail: golubev@geol.msu.ru
^************Thomas C. Grenfell is Professor emeritus in the Department of Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Washington, Seattle, WA. He specialize in the interaction of solar, infrared, and microwave radiation with polar snow and ice masses and its implications for polar and global climate related problems. Address: Department of Atmospheric Sciences, MS 351640, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195–1640, USA. e-mail: tcg@atmos.washington.edu
^{*************}Marina N. Petrushina is an Associate Professor at the Department of Physical Geography and Landscapes at Geographical Faculty of Moscow State University, Moscow, The Russian Federation. Her research interests include snow and landscapes. Address: Department of Physical Geography and Landscapes, Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, Moscow, The Russian Federation 119991. e-mail: mnpetrushina@mail.ru
^{**************}Vyacheslav N. Razuvaev is a Head of Climatology Department of the All-Russian Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information-World Data Centre (RIHMI-WDC). He specializes in investigation of climate change on the regional scale and creation of baseline data sets for climate research. Address: RIHMI-WDC, 6, Korolev Str., Obninsk, Kaluga Region, The Russian Federation 249035. e-mail: razuvaev@meteo.ru
^{***************}David A. Robinson is a Professor at the Department of Geography at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. His research interests include regional to global snow cover kinematics and dynamics, interactions of snow cover with other climate elements, and the collection and archiving of accurate climatic data. Address: Department of Geography, Rutgers University, 54 Joyce Kilmer Avenue, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA. e-mail: david.robinson@rutgers.edu
^{****************}Peter Romanov is a Research Scientist with the Office of Satellite Applications and Research of the National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NESDIS)/NOAA, Camp Springs, Maryland USA. His research interests include processing and application of satellite observation data for land surface monitoring. Address: NOAA/NESDIS World Weather Building Rm. 711, 5200 Auth Rd., Camp Springs, MD 20746, USA. e-mail: Peter.Romanov@noaa.gov
^{*****************}Drew Shindell is a senior scientist at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York City. His research interests include radiative forcing and climate response, especially for short-lived gases and aerosols, and interactions between air quality and climate change. Address: NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA. e-mail: drew.t.shindell@nasa.gov
^{******************}Andrey B. Shmakin is the head of Laboratory of Climatology at the Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences. His research interests include diagnosis of contemporary changes of climate and snow cover characteristics, numerical modeling of the soil-vegetation-snow-atmosphere heat/water transfer, and applied climatic research. Address: Institute of Geography, 29 Staromonetny St., Moscow, The Russian Federation 119017. e-mail: ashmakin@igras.ru
^{*******************}Sergey A. Sokratov is senior research scientist in Natural Risks Assessment Laboratory and in the Research Laboratory of Snow Avalanches and Debris Flows, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University. His interests include mass and energy balance of the snow cover and physical processes in snow. The applied face of his research is the quantification of the snow-related natural hazards. Address: Faculty of Geography, Natural Risks Assessment Laboratory, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskiye Gory 1, Moscow, The Russian Federation 119991. e-mail: sokratov@nral.org
^{********************}Stephen Warren is Professor of Atmospheric Sciences, and of Earth & Space Sciences, at the University of Washington in Seattle. His research interest is solar and infrared radiative properties of snow, sea ice, glacier ice, and clouds. Address: Department of Atmospheric Sciences, and of Earth & Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195–1640, USA. e-mail: sgw@uw.edu
^{*********************}Daquing Yang is an Associate Professor at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. His research interests include cold region hydro-climatology, snow hydrology, climate and climate change, and applications of remote sensing data/products in the high latitude regions. Address: Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA. e-mail: dyang3@alaska.edu