A new, relatively widespread species of Taraxacum from the Balkans, intermediate between sect. Erythrosperma and sect. Erythrocarpa, T. umbrosum Sonck, Kirschner & Štěpánek, is described and illustrated. It occurs in Greece, Bulgaria and F.Y.R. Macedonia, and is characterized by numerous, narrowly-triangular leaf lateral segments, numerous, imbricate, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, dark, distinctly narrowly bordered and conspicuously corniculate outer phyllaries, and brown or castaneous-brown, initially also red-brown achenes usually 4–5 mm long. Taraxacum umbrosum, an agamospermous taxon, is compared with morphologically similar species in sect. Erythrosperma (T. fragosum and T. taraxacoides) and with those in sect. Erythrocarpa (T. olymophilum, T. pindicola, T. dorchocarpum, T. panhellenicum, T. voricola and T. gratum).